5/29/2008

Darwin Skeptics

A Select List of Science Academics,
Scientists, and Scholars Who are Skeptical of Darwinism

Compiled by Jerry Bergman PhD.

It is commonly claimed that no scientist rejects macroevolution or Darwinism (by which is meant evolutionary naturalism). For example, Dr. Steve Jones. professor of genetics at university college of London, said that “no scientist denies the central truth of The Origin, the idea of descent with modification... plants, animals and everything else descended from a common ancestor” (Jones, 2000, p. xvii, xxiii). Other writers avoid the words “all” or “no scientist” and instead, claim that “almost no scientist” rejects Darwinism. In an article refuting “wiccan creationism,” the author claimed that

evolutionary theory has been confirmed to such a high degree and has such great explanatory power that it is the central organizing principle of the biological sciences today. Modern biology is basically unthinkable outside of the context of evolution and that is why it is accepted without reservations by pretty much every working scientists [sic] in the life sciences. It also isn’t really questioned in the other natural sciences, either, like physics or chemistry.

The author then makes the following absolutist statement:

Evolution is taken as a fact—and while there might be disagreements about some of the details of how evolution proceeds, there are no disagreements about the idea that it does occur and that it is the explanation for the diversity of life on our planet. Ashtaroth’s claim is exactly the opposite of the truth, which is that “almost no scientist puts any stock in any other attempted explanation for the diversity of life—especially creationism” (http://atheism.about.com/b/a/063194.htm accessed May 28, 2004, p. 1).

This view is not an isolated example. The late Ernst Mayr, Alexander Agassiz Professor of Zoology at Harvard University, is “one of the most influential evolutionary theorists of our time” (Ferris, 2001, p. 326). Mayr declared that “no educated person any longer questions the validity of the so-called theory of evolution, which we now know to be a simple fact” (Mayr, 2001, p. 141). He has been claiming this for over 40 years—in 1967 he wrote that “evolution is accepted by every scientist” and for this reason it is no longer necessary to “enumerate painstakingly the proofs for evolution” Mayr, 1967. p. v). In 1971 Mayr claimed that he did “not know of a single well-informed person who questions the factuality of evolution” (Mayr, p. 49). Not one person! Mayr defines evolution, which he calls “Darwinism,” as the rejection of “all supernatural phenomena and causations. The theory of evolution by natural selection explains the adaptedness and diversity of the world solely materialistically. It no longer requires God as creator or designer” (Mayr 2001, p. 138).

Mayr adds that “eliminating God from science made room for strictly scientific explanations of all natural phenomena” (Mayr 2001, p. 138). Furthermore, Mayr concludes, the “truly outstanding achievement” of Darwinism is that his theory “makes unnecessary the invocation of ‘final causes’—that is, any teleological forces” (Mayr 2001, p. 136).

Yet, in spite of these claims, I was able to, with little difficulty, assemble a list of almost 3,000 scientists and professors who reject evolutionary naturalism, most of whom hold a Ph.D. degree in some field of science. This is but a small percentage of the estimated 113,000 Darwin skeptics academics and scientists in the United States alone accordingly to a Harvard researcher (Gross and Simmons, 2006). Yet, Mayr admitted evolution is an historical, not an empirical science:

Evolutionary biology, in contrast with physics and chemistry, is a historical science—the evolutionist attempts to explain events and processes that have already taken place. Laws and experiments are inappropriate techniques for the explication of such events and processes. Instead one constructs a historical narrative, consisting of a tentative reconstruction of the particular scenario that led to the events one is trying to explain (2001, p. 135).

Given his acknowledgement of this fact, it is all the more surprising that Mayr would be so dogmatic as to insist upon the validity of Darwinism.

Joseph McInerney, the director of Biological Sciences Curriculum Study, which publishes the textbook Biological Science: An Ecological Approach, said “creationists maintain that ‘scientists disagree about evolution.’ That is a deliberate misrepresentation of biology. In fact, all scientists accept the reality of evolution” (quoted in Hill, 1996, pp. 5,7, emphasis added). This erroneous view has been widely promoted and accepted at least since 1922 when Professor George Duncan claimed that

Evolution is well-nigh universally accepted by all scientific men as the best explanation for the facts of life. The American Association for the Advance of Science with over 1400 members, comprising most of the scientific men of the United States and Canada, affirmed, in December, 1922, without a dissenting vote, the following: “No scientific generalization is more strongly supported by thoroughly tested evidences than is that of evolution. The evidences for the evolution of man are sufficient to convince every scientist of not in the world.” ...H.F. Osborn of Columbia University writes: “Evolution has long since passed out of the domain of speculation, of hypothesis, and even of theory. It is a law of living nature as firmly and incontrovertibly established as the law of gravitation in respect to the celestial spheres” (Duncan, 1931, pp. 31-32).

Others acknowledge that some Darwin skeptic scientists exist, but conclude that the number is very small. For example, Samuel Kounaves argues evolutionary naturalists include “99.9999 percent of the scientific community” (Kounaves 2005, p. 1). One would think that scientists would consult the scientific literature before they make such outrageous claims.

The sources for the members of this list include primarily persons of the editors acquaintance, or from their involvement in creationist or Darwin doubter organizations, or books that they have written. The list is very incomplete, and I apologize for the many omissions. I estimate that, if I had the time and resources, I could easily complete a list of over 10,000 names. I am also a member of three discussion groups involving close to 400 creationists and ID advocates, many of whom are not included in this list because of their justifiable concern that exposing their viewpoint could adversely impact their careers. I did not add names unless the person was out of the closet or gave his or her permission.

On my public list I have well over 2,000 names, including about a dozen Nobel Prize winners but, unfortunately, a large number of persons that could be added to the public list, including many college professors, did not want their name listed because of real concerns over possible retaliation or harm to their careers. Many of those who did not want their names on this list are young academics without tenure, or academics who are concerned that “outing” them could seriously damage their career. This is a valid concern. For this reason I have a private list with well over a 1,000 mames.

Many on this list are secure tenured professors, teach at Christian Universities that protect their academic freedom to criticize Darwinism, or are in industry, or in a medical field where less antagonism exists when it comes to questioning Darwin. Some on this list are now involved full time in speaking and writing on origins, and no longer depend on secular employment to put bread on the family table. Many are also retired, thus no longer face retaliation for their doubts about Darwin. Some consented to include their names only if their current employment was not listed. This is an ongoing project and I greatly appreciate the contributions of the many persons who have helped me in this several year long effort. I contacted most of those on this list, however, if they have published books or articles that clearly express doubts about Darwinism, or were active in various creation or ID movements, I did not always contact them.

The following worldwide scientists and educators (by the time this list was published some may be deceased) all reject “Darwinism” according to the following definition: The belief that evolution and common decent can account for the existence of all life. Most persons on this list are also skeptical of the ability of random mutation and natural selection to account for the complexity of life. Furtheremore, try all stress that careful examination of the evidence for Darwinian theory should be encouraged. This list proves Mayr’s claim that “no educated person any longer questions the validity” of Darwinism, as Mayr defines it, to be not only false, but grossly irresponsible.

References

Anonymous. 2006. “A Scientific Dissent from Darwinism.” www.dissentfromdarwin.com, February.

______. 2006. “Over 5000 Scientists Proclaim their Doubts about Darwin’s Theory, Scientific Dissent from Darwinism Continues to Grow, Say Experts.” Available on www.dissentfromdarwin.com.

Dennett, Daniel C. 2006. Breaking the Spell: Religion as a Natural Phenomenon. New York, NY: Viking.

Duncan, George. 1931. Prehistoric Man. Boston, MA: Stratford.

Ferris, Timothy (editor). 2001. The Best American Science Writing 2001. New York, NY: HarperCollins.

Gross, Neil and Solon Simmons, 2006. How Religious are America’s College and University Professors. Working Paper Harvard University. October 5. 10 pp.

Hill, David. 1996. “Counter Evolutionary.” Education Week, Nov. 20, pp. 1-12.

Kounaves, Samuel. 2005. “Kounaves: Evolution is Much More Than Just a Scientific ‘Hunch.’” The Winchester Star, March 17.

Mayer, William V. 1971. “Letters to the Editor: Evolution vs. Special Creation.” The American Biology Teacher, January, pp. 50-51.

Mayr, Ernst. Foreword to Process and Pattern in Evolution by Terrell H. Hamilton. New York MacMillan.

______. 1971. “Letters to the Editor: Evolution vs. Special Creation.” The American Biology Teacher, January, pp. 49-50.

______. 2001. “Darwin’s Influence on Modern Thought” (pp. 134-142) in Ferris.

Darwin Skeptics

Earl M. J. Aagaard PhD. Professor of Biology at Southern Adventist University. His BA and MA are both in biology from Pacific Union College and his PhD is in Fish and Wildlife Biology from Colorado State University.

Gerald E. Aardsma Ph.D. a research scientist, earned a BS and MS in Physics, and a Ph.D. in Nuclear Physics from the University of Toronto in 1984 for his research in accelerator mass spectrometry.

Benjamin L. Aaron M.D. is Professor Emeritus of Surgery of George Washington University and Chief of Cardiothoracic Surgery at the George Washington University Hospital in Washington, D.C. He received his premed degree (Phi Beta Kappa) from the University of Missouri and his M.D. from the University of Texas. He has held post-doctoral fellowships at the Medical College of Virginia and the University of Alabama. He is most well known for heading the surgical team that saved the life of president Ronald Reagan and the bipass operation on Vice President Dick Cheney.

Donald Abb M.S. has a BS from Delaware Valley College in Doylestonwn, PA in Biology and a MS from Southern Illinois University at Carbondale, IL in Ecology and Ornithology (Zoology) and. He was a tenured Assistant Professor of Biology at The Kings College in New York.

Charles Abei Ph.D. is Professor Emeritus at Ohio Valley University in Vienna, West Virgia, where he served as a professor from 1964 to 1998.

John Leo Abernethy PhD Professor emeritus of Chemistry at Fresno State University and former Associate of the Journal of Chemical Education. His M.S. and PhD are from Northwestern University, both in chemistry.

Nathaniel Abraham Ph.D. is now Associate Professor of Biology at Liberty University. He has a B.V.S from Tamilnadu Veterinary University, and a M.S. and Ph.D., both in biology, from St. John’s University.

S. Thomas Abraham PhD Assistant Professor Pharmacology and Toxicology Campbell University School of Pharmacy. He has a BS in Chemistry from Mars Hill College, and a Ph.D. in Biomedical Sciences and Pharmacology from East Tennessee State University. He is also on the staff of Baptist Hospital, South Florida.

Gary L. Achtemeier Ph.D. is a USDA Forest Service scientist and Director of the Southern High-Resolution Modeling Consortium. He has a Ph.D. in Meteorology from Florida State University.

Paul D. Ackerman Ph.D. is Assistant Chairperson since 1990, and Assistant Professor of Psychology since 1968, in the Psychology Department at Wichita State University. Dr. Ackerman received his BA, his MA, and his Ph.D. in Social Psychology, all from the University of Kansas.

Donald O. Acrey Sr. B.S. received a BS in Geology from Southern Methodist University in Dallas, Texas and was a geophysicist for the petroleum industry until his recent retirement.

Rush K. Acton M.D., an orthopedic surgeon, is Associate Professor of Orthopedic Surgery and Associate Professor of Anatomy at the University of Miami. He is an ICR author. His M.D. is from ?

Richard Acworth Ph.D. received an MA in Philosophy from the Sorbonne and a Ph.D. from Oxford. He is the author of Creation, Evolution & the Christian Faith (1969).

Joel Adams Ph.D. Professor of Computer Science at Calvin College. His BS (cum laude) in psychology with minors in math and computer science was from Geneva College, his MS and Ph.D. in computer science are both from the University of Pittsburgh.

Mortimer Adler Ph.D. was a professor at the University of Chicago and editor of the encyclopedia Britannica and author of 45 books. His Ph.D. was from Columbia University.

Neal Adrian Ph.D. is Principal Scientist Investigator, Environmental Science: US Army Research & Development Center. He has a Ph.D. in Microbiology from the University of Oklahoma.

Paul Clarence Aebersold PhD a biophysicist for Oak Ridge and other major research laboratories. He graduated cum laude from Stanford University and has a MA and PhD from the University of California.

Theodore E. Agard Ph.D. is a Director of Medical Physics at Flower Hospital Oncology Center, Ohio and at Medical College of Ohio. He holds a BS (first class Honors) in Physics, a MS in Physics both from the University of London, and a Ph.D. in Physics from the University of Toronto.

Peter A. Pagan Aguiar Ph.D. is Professor of Philosophy at Aquinas College, Nashville, TN. His BS is from Berkeley, his MA and PhD are both from Fordham University, all in philosophy.

Stephen J. Ahn B.A., B.S. received a BS in Meteorology from San Jose State University in San Jose, California and has completed graduate work at UCLA and USDA. He has worked for the National Weather Service for almost 11 years as a Meteorologist and recently accepted a job for the U.S. Navy in Japan.

David Aikman Ph.D. Associate Professor of History Patrick Henry College. A world-renowned journalist, was a Time magazine journalist for most of his career. Born in Surrey, England, he attended Stowe School in Bucks, England on a scholarship. He later came to the United States, became a U.S. citizen, and earned a MA in Central Asian languages, and a Ph.D. in Russian and Chinese History both from the University of Washington in Seattle.

James Aist Ph.D. Professor of Plant Pathology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY. His B.S. and M.S. from the University of Arkansas and his Ph.D. from the University of Wisconsin.

Mustafa Akoyl MS is Media Director of International Relations at the Intercultural Dialogue Platform (a foundation in Istanbul), freelance writer, and spokesman for Islamic organizations interested in origins science.

Russell G. Akridge Ph.D. earned a BS from the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, Georgia, a MS, and a Ph.D. all in Physics from the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, Georgia. Akridge is now an Associate Professor of Physics in the Department of Biological and Physical Sciences at Kennesaw State University, Kennesaw, Georgia.

Nicholas M. Aksionczyk M.S. author and adjunct faculty at Chapman University in history. He earned his MS from California State University at Sacramento.

Ann-Sofie Albrekt Ph.D. is a Creation Speaker from Sweden, is a bioinformatics specialist and researcher at Microarray Resource Center in Lund Sweden.

Mauricio Alcocer Ph.D. is Director of Graduate Studies at Autonomous University of Guadalajara in Mexico. His Ph.D. in Plant Science is from the University of Idaho.

Moorad Alexanian Ph.D. is a Professor of Physics at the University of North Carolina, Wilmington. His BS is from the University of Rhode Island, his MS and Ph.D. are from Indiana University, all in Physics.

Braxton M. Alfred Ph.D. is Emeritus Professor of Biological Anthropology at the University of British Columbia. He has published widely in the peer reviewed literature. His post doc was done at Standford University.

Charles Aling Ph.D. is Professor of History at Northwestern College. His Ph.D. in Ancient History/Egyptology is from the University of Minnesota.

James S. Allan Ph.D. holds a B.S. in Agriculture from the University of Natal, a MS in Agriculture from Stellenbosch, and a Ph.D. in Genetics from Edinburgh University, Scotland. He recently retired as Senior Lecturer in the Department of genetics at the University of Stellenbosch, South Africa, and now lectures at universities, and also serves as an international consultant in the cattle breeding.

Frank Allen PhD. Professor emeritus of biophysics at the University of Manitoba, Canada. His MA and PhD are from Cornell in biophysics. He has published widely in the area of color vision.

David Allen B.App.Sc. has a BS in Applied Geology from the University of New South Wales in Sydney, and works as an exploration geophysicist.

Wesley Allen Ph.D. is Professor of Computational Quantum Chemistry and senior research scientist at the University of Georgia. His BA is in chemistry and physics from Vanderbilt and his Ph.D. is in Theoretical Chemistry from the University of California, Berkeley.

Roland C. Aloia Ph.D. is Professor of Biochemistry and Anesthesiology at Loma Linda University. His Ph.D. is in Biochemistry from the University of California, Riverside.

Carlos A. Alvarez Ph.D. currently teaches at Pensacola Christian College, Pensacola, Florida. He has a Ph.D. in Biochemistry/Molecular Biology. His Ph.D. is from the University of Georgia in Biochemistry.

Dilkushi de Alwis PhD is a research scientist. She has a PhD from Cornell University in envirmental engineering.

Jesus Ambriz M.D. is Professor of Medicine at Autonomous University of Guadalajara in Mexico.

Edmund J. Ambrose D.Sc. is Professor Emeritus at the University of London and head department of Cell Biology at the Chester Beatty Research Institute University of London. He has a BA from Cambridge and a D.Sc. from London University in cell biology. He is the author of many books, including the text Cell Biology, and The Nature and Origin of the Biological World (Halsted), which advocates Intelligent Design.

Arie van Nieuw Amerongen Ph.D. is professor and chairman of the dental school, faculty of medicine at the Vrije University in Amsterdam, Holland. His MS and Ph.D. are both in Biochemistry from Vrije University. he is the author of 170 research papers and 3 textbooks

Changhyuk An Ph.D. a research scientist, has a Ph.D. in Physics from the University of Tennessee.

Ralph E. Ancil Ph.D. has a degree in Mathematics, and also studied Genetics and Biology. His Ph.D. is in Resource Economics, and he is on the Board of Advisors of the Agrarian Foundation. Until retirement he was a Professor at Franciscan University in Steubenville, Ohio.

Albert S. Anderson M.D. practices medicine at Taylor, South Carolina, specializing in allergies. He has taught Biology, Zoology, Embryology, and Physiology at Shelton College, and has served on the medical staff at Bob Jones University. He trained at Johns Hopkins University, New York Medical College, and the University of Michigan.

Barton P. Anderson M.S. a research scientist, has a BS in Physics from Wheaton College and a MS in Aeronautical Engineering from the Naval Post-Graduate School in Monterey, California.

Edward J. Anderson Ph.D. Professor of Operations Management, Australian Graduate School of Management, University of New South Wales, Australia. His MA is in mathematics from Univ. of Cambridge; His Ph.D. is in Control and Management from Cambridge University. He has published 52 articles and 2 books in his field.

J. Kerby Anderson Ph.D. received his BS in Zoology from Oregon State University, his M.F.S. in Ecology and Evolution from Yale University, a MA from Georgetown University and a Ph.D. from Loyola University.

Kevin L. Anderson Ph.D. Professor of Microbiology at Mississippi State University, and research scientist for the U.S. government. He received a BS, MS, and Ph.D. in Food Science and Microbiology from Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas. He did his Postdoctoral Study at the University of Illinois from 1987 to 1991 and has published over 20 research papers.

Richard Anderson Ph.D. is Assistant Professor of Environmental Science and Policy at Duke University. He has a Ph.D. in Geography and Environmental Engineering, a M.S.E. in Mechanical Engineering, and B.S.E. in Engineering Mathematics, all from The Johns Hopkins University.

Ronald Anderson Ph.D. is Full Professor of education at the University of Colorado, Boulder. He has a B.S. in Physics and a Ph.D. in Education, both from the University of Wisconsin.

Ross S. Anderson Ph.D. is Professor of Biological Sciences at the Master’s College, in Santa Clarita, California. He received his BA from Austin College, a M.B.S. from the University of Colorado, and a Ph.D. in Biochemistry from Baylor College of Medicine.

Niels-Erik Andreasen Ph.D. is President of Andrews University in Berrien Springs, Michigan. He has a BA in history from Newbold College in England, a MA in Biblical Studies, and a Ph.D. from Vanderbilt in Religious Studies.

Gabriela Andrei M.S. is at the Institute of Geodynamics, the Roman Academy, in Bucharest, Rumania. His MS is in Physics.

Edgar Harold Andrews Ph.D. is Professor emeritus of Materials and Head, Department of Materials Science at Queen Mary and Westfield College (University of London). He has a BS with Honors in Theoretical Physics and a Ph.D. and D.Sc. in Physics, both from the University of London. He received a FIM, CEng and also a CPhys. and was awarded the A.A. Griffith Medal.

John Ankerberg D.Min president of the Ankerberg Theological Research Institute, has a BA from the University of Illinois, a MM in the history of Christian Thought, and a M.Div. with academic honors, and a M.S. and D.Min. from Luther Rice Seminary, Atlanta, Georgia. He is the author or co-author of 65 books.

Aila Annala (theol. Kand.) studied at Newbold College in England and at the Universities of Uppsala and Lund in Sweden with additional studies in Semitic Languages from Lund.

Tim Anstine Ph.D. is Professor of Chemistry at Northwest Nazarene University in Nampa, Idaho. His Ph.D. is in Organic Chemistry from the University of Nevada.

Mark Apkarian Ph.D. is Professor of Kinesiology at Biola University. He has a Ph.D. in Exercise Physiology from the University of New Mexico.

Gleason L. Archer Ph.D. is Professor of Old Testament and Semitic Studies at Trinity Evangelical Divinity School.

Michael J. Arct Ph.D. received his Ph.D. in Dendrochronology from Loma Linda University in 1991, and is currently with the Department of Natural Science at Loma Linda University in Loma Linda, California.

Chad Arment B.S. has a BS from Wright State University, and is a herpetologist with an interest in wildlife and natural history.

Mark H. Armitage M.S. studied studied Biology and Plant Pathology at the University of Florida, has been a microscopist since 1977. Currently, adjunct professor of Biology and Electron Microscopy at the Master’s College and Azusa Pacific University, he is completing his Ph.D.

Harold Armstrong M.S. is Professor of Physics at Queen’s University in Ontario, Canada. His MS is in physics from Queen’s University in Ontario.

Neil Armitage Ph.D is Associate Professor of Civil Engineering University of Cape Town South Africa. He has a B.Sc. in engineering from the University of Natal (Durban), a M.Sc. in engineering from the University of Cape Town, and a Ph.D. in engineering from the University of Stellenbosch. He has over 20 professional publications.

Alexander Arndt Ph.D. is the former Vice-President of the U.S.S.R. Academy of Medical Sciences, Institute for Ecology Research, and is now Professor of Analytical Chemistry, Heidelberg University, Germany.

Russell T. Arndts Ph.D. is Professor of Chemistry at St. Cloud State University, Minnesota. He graduated with a Ph.D. in Chemistry from Louisiana State University and a MS in organic chemistry from Indiana University.

Philip J. Arnholt Ph.D. Professor at Concordia University, Mequon, WI, Department of Biology. He has a BS, and a MS in biology from Eastern Illinois University and a Ph.D. in biology from the University of Nebraska.

Eduardo Arroyo Ph.D. is Professor of Forensics at Complutense University in Madrid, Spain. His Ph.D. is in Biology.

Russell Charles Artist Ph.D. now Professor Emeritus, was Head of the Biology Department at David Lipscomb College in Tennessee where he taught since 1954. He received his BS from Butler University, a MS from Northwestern University and Ph.D. from the University of Minnesota, and has pursued extensive graduate studies at the University of Zurich, Switzerland and, for five years, was a Professor at Frankfurt on Main College, Germany. He is now at Amarillo College, Amarillo, Texas.

Eugene C. Ashby Ph.D. Regents’ Professor of Chemistry and biochemistry and Distinguished Professor Emeritus at Georgia Institute of Technology, is a graduate of Loyola University, Auburn University, and the University of Notre Dame, all in chemistry. He has over 280 papers in major chemistry journals and has been a Sloan Fellow and a Guggenheim Fellow.

Paul Ashby PhD. a post-doc fellow at Lawrence Berkeley National Lab. His PhD in Chemistry and Chemical Biology is from Harvard University, and his post-doc also was done at Harvard.

Christopher Wayne Ashcraft M.S. received his BS in Biology from Wayland Baptist University, and his MS in Plant Molecular Biology from Texas Tech University and 140 graduate level credits for his Ph.D. at Oklahoma State University. He is currently a plant transformation specialist with EDEN Bioscience in Bethel, Washington, near Seattle.

John F. Ashton Ph.D received a BS with honors and a CRS Chemical prize in Chemistry from the University of Newcastle, a MS in Chemistry from the University of Tasmania and a Ph.D. in Epistemology with an Institute of Educational Research Prize from the University of Newcastle. Ashton is currently director of Research for the Sanitarium Health Food Company.

Alexander G. Asmolov Ph.D. Professor at Moscow State University from 1988 until 1998, then was the Deputy Minister of Education in Russia. His Ph.D. is in psychology.

Michael Atchison Ph.D. is a Professor of Biochemistry and director of the VMD-Ph.D. combined degree program at the University of Pennsylvania's Veterinary College. His BS in biology is from SUNY in Albany, and his Ph.D. from New York University School of Medicine is in cellular and molecular biology.

Gordon Atkins PhD. is professor of biology at Andrews University. His BS, and MS are both in biology from Andrews University and his PhD is in Biology from McGill University.

Joseph Atkinson Ph.D. is a Scientist, and Director of the Great Lakes Program at the University of Buffalo. His Ph.D. is in Organic Chemistry from Massachusetts Institute of Technology.

Gregory A. Ator M.D. is Associate Professor and Director Division of Otology/Neurology Department of Otolaryngology at the University of Kansas Medical Center. His MD is from Baylor College of Medicine. He has 14 publications in scientific journals.

Peter Atwood PhD is professor of mathematics at Cornerstone University . His BS is from Trinity University, his MA from Princeton and his PhD from Western Michigan University, all in mathematics.

Robert Augros has a Ph.D. in philosophy from Laval University, Quebec and is a professor of philosophy at St. Anselm College.

Ted Aufdemberge Ph.D. is a Professor at Concordia University, Ann Arbor, MI. He received his BS from Concordia Teachers College, Seward, Nebraska and his MA from Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan. He did post-graduate work at the University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota; Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan; Oregon State University, Corvallis, Oregon; Eastern Michigan University, Ypsilanti, Michigan; Capital University, Columbus, Ohio; Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania; and University of Dayton, Dayton, Ohio.

Wayne U. Ault Ph.D. A geologist with the U. S. Department of the Interior. He has a BA from Wheaton College, and an MS and PhD from Columbia University, all in geology

Richard Austin Ph.D. Associate Professor and Chair, Biology and Natural Sciences at Piedmont College. His BS is from Piedmont University, his MS is from Auburn University, and his Ph.D. is from University of Mississippi, all in biology.

Steven A. Austin Ph.D. received a BS in from the University of Washington in Seattle, a MS from San Jose State University, San Jose, California, and a Ph.D. from Pennsylvania State University, all in Geology. Dr. Austin is Chairman of the Geology Department at the Institute for Creation Research in Santee, California.

Swee-Eng Aw Ph.D. was Director of the Division of Endocrine Laboratories (London). He has a MBBS, a Biochemist (FAMS) (London), a FRC Path., a MI Biol. (London), and a Ph.D. in Chemical Pathology. He is now head of the Department of Nuclear Medicine and Director of Clinical Research at Singapore General Hospital.

Thomas H. Awtry Ph.D. teaches in the Division of Sciences, Department of Mathematics, at Louisiana State University, in Baton Rouge, Louisiana. Dr. Awtry received his BS in Mathematics and Computer Science, Summa Cum Laude, and a Ph.D. in Curriculum and Instruction (Mathematics Education) all from Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, Louisiana.

Douglas Axe Ph.D. formerly a protein researcher at Cambridge University, is now Director at the Biologic Institute in Washington State. He has a BS in Chemical Engineering from University of California, Berkeley and Ph.D. in molecular biology from Caltech where he studied genetic regulation in bacteria.

Larry Azar Ph.D. is Professor of philosophy emeritus at Fordham University. He has a B.S. and M.S. in physics, math, and philosophy from Boston College and a Ph.D. in philosophy from University of Toronto.

Joyce Azevedo PhD. Professor of Biology at Southern Adventist University. Her BA is in biology from Union College, her MA and PhD are both in cell and Molecular biology from University of California Riverside and MA.

Cevat Babuna Ph.D. a professor and scientist in Turkey, is Chairman of the Turkish Federation of Gynecology. His doctorate is from Istanbul University.

David Back Ph.D. Professor of Pharmacology and Therapeutics and director of post graduate studies, University of Liverpool. His Ph.D. is in pharmacology. A website he and Sera Gibbons established on HIV is one of the three most consulted in the world.

Edwin Back B.S. received a BS in Chemistry from California Polytechnic University and has worked as a research analytical chemist in the pharmaceutical industry for twenty-five years.

Paul Back Ph.D. visiting professor of Design at Oxford University, a partner in an engineering consulting firm, and a lecturer in many counties including as a invited speaker for the British association for the advancement of science. He was a Rhodes Scholar from South Africa and graduated from Oxford University with a Ph.D. in Engineering science.

Robert E. Bailey PhD is Professor Emeritus of Mechanical Engineering at Ohio State University.

Donald G. Baker Ph.D. received a BA in biochemistry, and MS and Ph.D. in Physiology from the University of Toronto, Canada. He spent six years as a research associate in the university’s physiology and medical departments. He was a Professor of physiology and medical research until 1964, when he became a radiobiologist at the Brookhaven National Laboratories, Associated Universities, Inc. on Long Island, New York.

Mace Baker Ph.D. received his BA and MS from Biola University, California, and his Ph.D. from Columbia Pacific University, all in biology. He was an educator for over 20 years, both in public schools and colleges.

Robert G. V. Baker Ph.D. Senior Lecturer, School of Human and Environmental Studies, University of New England, Australia. His BS (with honors) is in geography from the University of Sydney, his MS and Ph.D. in Applied Geography is from the University of New South Wales. He has published 30 research papers.

John T. Baldwin Ph.D. is Associate Professor of Systematic Theology, Andrews University, Berrien Springs, Michigan. His BA is from Walla Walla College, his MA and MDiv from Andrews University, and his Ph.D. is from the University of Chicago.

Steven Ball Ph.D. is Professor of Physics at LeTourneau University. He has a BS in Physics from Baker University and a Ph.D. in High Energy Physics from the University of Kansas. His post-doc is from the Max-Plank Institute for Nuclear Physics.

John W. Balliet Ph.D. has a Ph.D. in Molecular and Cellular Biology from the University of Pennsylvania, and a Post-doctoral Fellowship from Harvard Medical School.

Ben Banks Ph.D. is a Research Pharmaceutical Chemist in Greenville, North Carolina. His Ph.D. is in Physical Chemistry.

Inez (Inis) Bardella M.D. is Assistant Professor, Department of Family Medicine and Clinical Epidemiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA. Her BS in Biology (high honors) is from Washington and Jefferson College, and her M.D. is from Temple University School of Medicine.

James Barham MA scholar and author specializing in evolutionary epistemology, the philosophy of the mind, and the foundations of biology. He trained at the University of Texas at Austin and in the History of Science at Harvard University. He pursued advanced study towards the Ph.D. under the auspices of Harvard University in Athens, Greece, and Belgrade, Yugoslavia. He is currently a Ph.D. candidate in the History and Philosophy of Science Program at the University of Notre Dame.

Geoff Barnard Ph.D. Senior Research Fellow at the University of Cambridge, UK. He received a Ph.D. in M.I. Biol. C. Biol. from the University of London and has worked as a clinical biochemist, research scientist, a senior research fellow, a senior lecturer (equivalent of professor in the USA) in various universities in the U.K. Has published over 50 peer-reviewed research papers and written nine chapters for academic science textbooks. He hold five patents in the field of immunoassay techniques.

Ross Barnes Ph.D. is Professor of Geology at Walla Walla College. His BA is in Geology from Andrews University and his Ph.D. is in Earth Science from the University of California, San Diego, CA.

Thomas Barnes Ph.D. is Professor Emeritus of Physics at The University of Texas at El Paso. His M.S. was from Brown University, and his D.Sc (Hon) from Hardin-Simmons University, both in physics.

Daniel W. Barnette Ph.D. is Senior Technical Staff in the Parallel Computational Sciences Department, Aerodynamics Division of Sandia National Laboratories. He received his BS and MS in Aerospace Engineering from the University of Texas at Austin, and his Ph.D. in Aeronautics/Astronautics from Stanford University, Stanford, California.

Eric C. Barrett Ph.D., D.Sc. Research Scientist in Climatology and Remote Sensing at the University of Bristol, in England. His first class Honors BS in Geography, and a M.Sc. in climatic change are from the University of Sheffield. He lectured as a full-time faculty at Sheffield and Leicester before moving to Bristol where he was awarded his Ph.D., and a “higher doctorate” (D.Sc.) for “his sustained and distinguished” contributions to science. Barrett is now Dean of the Radio Academy of Science. He is the author of about 250 scientific papers and 20 books on environmental science.

Peter H. Barry D.Sc. is Professor of Physiology, School of Physiology & Pharmacology, University of New South Wales, Australia. His BS with honors is in physics Ph.D. is in biophysics (membrane biophysics) from the University of New South Wales. He has published 65 papers and 8 book chapters in his field

Ibrahim Barsoum Ph.D. a microbiologist, has a Ph.D. in Microbiology from George Washington University.

Paul G. Bartels Ph.D. received a BS in Biology and Chemistry from Northern Colorado University, Greeley, Colorado, and a MS (Biology and Chemistry) and Ph.D. (Plant Cellular Physiology) from Vanderbilt University, Nashville Tennessee. His specialties are organelle differentiation and chloroplast development. Dr. Bartels has been a Professor in the Department of Biological Sciences at the University of Arizona since 1965.

Allen C. Bartlett B.S. is a Ph.D. student in the Department of Geology at Baylor University, in Waco, Texas.

William Basener PhD Professor of Topology at Deportment of Mathematics and Statistics, College of Science Rochester Institute of Technology, Rochester, NY. His PhD in Topology is from Boston University. He has a textbook out in Topology and has published widely in the professiona literature.

Robert W. Bass Ph.D. Professor emeritus of Physics and Astronomy at Brigham Young University, Provo, Utah. He was a Rhodes Scholar. His Ph.D. is from John’s Hopkins University.

Gary Bates M.S. is a Professional Research Assistant at the NOAA-CIRES Climate Diagnostics Center in Boulder, Colorado. He received a BS in Physics from the University of California, Davis, and a MS in Meteorology from the University of Wisconsin, Madison.

M. Todd Bates PhD Assistant Professor of Rhetoric Patrick Henry College. He has a PhD in Rhetoric from The University of Texas and was formerly Professor of Philosophy at Criswell College.

Donald James Batten Ph.D. a consultant physiologist and research scientist for the Australian government. Dr. Batten holds a B.Sc.Agr. [Hons] from the University of Sydney and a Ph.D. in Plant Physiology from the University of Sydney. From 1976-1990 he was Research Horticulturist, NSW Agriculture, Tropical Fruit Research Station, Alstonville. Dr. Batten also worked for eighteen years as a research scientist with the New South Wales Department of Agriculture.

Walter Bauder Ed.D. is Associate Professor of Chemistry and Head of the Department of Chemistry at Bryan College, Dayton, Tennessee. His Ed.D. is in Science Education with a specialty in Chemistry from the University of Georgia.

William J. Bauer Ph.D. is President of the Bauer Engineering Company of Chicago, which designed many major engineering systems. He has a Ph.D. in Hydraulics from the University of Iowa and is the author of many technical papers.

Carl Edward Baugh Ph.D. a Graduate of Baptist Bible College, received his BA from Burton College, a MA in Biblical Studies with major course work in Biblical Archaeology from Luther Rice Seminar, Jacksonville, Florida, a MS in Archaeology and a Ph.D. in Anthropology from Pacific College of Graduate Studies, Melbourne, Australia.

Michael Bauman Ph.D., Professor of Theology & Culture and Director of Christian Studies at Hillsdale

College in Hillsdale, Michigan, is the book review editor for The Journal of the Evangelical Theological Society.

Donald P. Baumann Ph.D. serves as Professor of Biology and Chemistry at Cedarville University and head of the Division of Science and Mathematics. Dr. Baumann received his BS, his MS, and his Ph.D., all from Iowa State University in biology.

John R. Baumgardner Ph.D. received a BS in Electrical Engineering from Texas Tech University, Lubbock, a MS in Electrical Engineering from Princeton University, and a MS and Ph.D. in Geophysics and Space Physics from the University of California, Los Angeles. Dr. Baumgardner has served as staff scientist of Theoretical Division at Los Alamos National Laboratory in New Mexico since 1984.

Thomas S. Baurin D.Min. received a BA in Chemistry from Lawrence College and a Th.M. and D.Min. degrees from Dallas Seminary and Trinity Seminary. Dr. Baurin worked for eleven years in research and development, and taught college level science courses.

Richard S. Beale, Jr. Ph.D. A research scientist, his Ph.D. is in entomology from the University of California, Berkeley.

Christine B. Beaucage Ph.D. has a Ph.D. in Mathematics from State University of New York at Stony Brook.

Robert Beckett Ph.D. Animal Geneticist, Northern Ireland Department of Agriculture. He holds a Ph.D. in Genetics from Ohio State University.

William A. Beckman Ph.D. earned his Ph.D. in Chemistry from Case Western Reserve University and was Professor of Physical Sciences at Southwestern Junior College in San Diego, California.

Francis J. Beckwith Ph.D. Associate Professor at Baylor University and formerly Associate professor of Philosophy at Trinity International University. His Masters of juridical Studies is from Washington University School of law, and his Ph.D. in philosophy is from Fordham University.

Ruth Beechick Ed.D. Professor emeritus of Education, authored or edited more than 100 manuals, workbooks and books on learning and educational topics. Her Ph.D. is in Curriculum and Instruction from Arizona State University.

Michael Behe Ph.D. is Associate Professor of Biological Sciences, Lehigh University. He received a BS in Chemistry from Drexel University, and a Ph.D. in Biochemistry from the University of Pennsylvania. After doing postdoctoral work at the National Institute of Health on DNA Structure, he became Assistant Professor of Chemistry at the City University of New York/Queens College and in 1985 moved to Lehigh University, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. He has published 40 scientific papers.

Timothy W. Behrens M.D. graduated from Southern Illinois Medical School and did residency training in Internal Medicine at the Medical College of Wisconsin in Milwaukee. He joined the faculty at the University of Minnesota Medical School in 1992 and is currently an Associate Professor of Medicine.

Fredrick P. Beierle has worked in the nuclear industry for twenty-five years and now serves as President of RICKANO Corporation, and also serves on the board of directors of numerous organizations.

Jerry P. Beilby Ph.D. is Professor of Biology at Northwestern College, St. Paul MN. His Ph.D. is from the University of Minnesota, M.S. from the University of Wisconsin-Stout, M.S. from Minnesota State University, Mankato, and B.A. from Wheaton College.

William Russell Belding PhD. has a Ph.D. in Mathematics from the University of Notre Dame.

Chris Beling Ph.D. is professor of physics at the University of Hong Kong. He has a M.A. from the University of Oxford and a Ph.D. from the University of London, both in Physics.

Lev V. Beloussov Professor of embryology, member of Russian Academy of Sciences, and honorary professor at Moscow State University.

George Bennett Ph.D. is Associate Professor of Organic Chemistry and Pharmacology at Millikin University, Decator, IL. He has a BA from Wittenberg University and a Ph.D. from Ohio State University, both in Chemistry.

George W. Benthien Ph.D. is a scientist for the Naval Ocean Systems Center, San Diego, CA. Hehas a Ph.D. in Mathematics from Carnegie Mellon University.

Dudley J. Benton Ph.D. received his Ph.D. in Mechanical Engineering from the University of Tennessee. He is now employed at P.-Squared Technologies, Knoxville, Tennessee.

James G. Bentsen Ph.D. Senior research scientist at 3M Corporation, St. Paul, MN. He has a B.S. in Electrical Engineering from Bucknell University and a Ph.D. in Chemistry from MIT.

Otto Berg Ph.D. (hon) is consultant particle physicist with the Calvert Institute, Port Republic, Maryland, the National Aeronautical Space Administration, and the Goddard Space Flight Center, Maryland for nucleation and growth processes related to the formation of pre-solar grains and planets. He received a BA in Physics and Chemistry from Concordia College, Moorhead, Minnesota and the 1977 NASA Exceptional Achievement Medal (only two were conferred in 1977), and an Honorary Doctorate for his contributions in space research. He has 70 peer reviewed scientific publications.

David L. Bergman M.S. a research scientist, received his BA in Physics from the University of California, Berkeley, and a MS in Electrical Engineering from the University of California at Santa Barbara.

Jerry R. Bergman PhD is adjunct professor at the Medical University of Toledo. He 9 degrees include a BS, a MEd and a PhD from Wayne State University, a MSBS, and MS from the Medical University of Ohio, a MPH from Bowling Green State University, The University of Toledo and Medical University of Ohio and a MA from Bowling Green State University. He now has over 800 publications and 20 books and monographs. His work has been translated into 14 languages.

Thomas F. Bergquist Ph.D. is a psychologist and Clinical Neuropsychologist at the Mayo Clinic and Mayo Medical School, Rochester, MN. His Ph.D. is in Psychology.

David Berlinski Ph.D. received a Ph.D. in Mathematics from Princeton and was later a postdoctoral fellow in mathematics and molecular biology at Columbia University. He has been a professor at several universities and is now an author of books on science.

Kimberly Berrine Ph.D. has a Ph.D. in Microbiology and Immunology.

Eberhard Bertsch Dipl.-Ing. Professor Bertsch received his Dipl.-Ing. from Technische Hochschule, Darmstadt and his Dr. Rer. nat. from Universitat des Dr.Rer.Nat.Saarlandes. He was Professor der Informatik at Fernuniverstitat, Hagen. His published work includes articles on formal language theory, programming language design and language implementation. He is on the Mathematics Faculty, Ruhr University, Bochum, Germany.

Guy Berthault Ph.D., Professor of sedimentology, is a Graduate of Ecole Polytechnique, France. He directed the program of sedimentology research at the State University of Colorado (Engineering Center) in the U.S.A.

Robin Bernhoft MD, a physician and research scientist, Dr. Bernhoft, has his undergraduate degree in biology with honors from Harvard and a medical degree from Washington University Medical School. He has published over 20 scientific papers.

Tom Bethell is a graduate of Oxford University majoring in Psychology, Philosophy and Physiology. He is now the American Spectator’s Washington correspondent and Senior Editor to which he has been contributing a monthly article for since 1980. He has also been a Washington editor of Harper’s, and an editor of the Washington Monthly.

Vladimir Betina Ph.D. D.Sc. is a full professor in the Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology at Solovak University of Technology, Bratislava, Slovakia.

Stephen Bewlay B.App.Sc. has held government, private industry, and teaching positions. He is now employed as an underwater electro acoustic engineer for Marconi Maritime MAPS systems.

Roberto É. Biaggi Ph.D. is a scientist with the Geoscience Research Institute. His Ph.D. in Paleoecology is from Loma Linda University.

Verne Biddle Ph.D. Professor of Chemistry at Bob Jones University. His B.S. in Chemistry from B.J.U. and his Ph.D. in Chemistry from University of Tennessee, Knoxville.

Joseph W. Bielecki MS has a BS in Aerospace Engineering from the University of Michigan, a MS in Physics from Wayne State University, a MS in Astro/Geophysics from the Institute for Creation Research, and is now a Ph.D. candidate at Wayne State University in Mechanical Engineering.

Wendell R. Bird J.D. did his undergraduate studies at Vanderbilt University, and graduated summa cum laude in the Honors Program. Bird was the first student in Vanderbilt history to exempt the freshman year (by special examinations) and to enter as a sophomore. He had a triple major (History, Political Science, and Economics). Wendell earned his J.D. Law Degree from Yale Law School in 1978 and is now a Senior Attorney of a law firm of graduates of the top five law schools practicing in Corporate/Securities Law, Estates, and Trusts, Nonprofit Organization Law, and Litigation.

Philip Bishop Ed.D. is a Professor of Physiology and Kinesiology at the University of Alabama and Director of the university’s human performance laboratory. His BS in Oceanography is from the US Naval Academy at Annapolis, his MS in Physical Education is from James Madison University and his doctorate in Physiology is from the University of Georgia. He has received several million dollars in research grants and has published widely in the scientific literature. He has also lectured about his research throughout the world.

Victor G. Bitter M.S. graduated with a BS in Environmental Health from the Microbiology Department of San Diego State University and has a MS in Biology from the Institute for Creation Research Graduate School. He currently pursues research in the area of water recovery and treatment.

R. Russell Bixler M.A. has a MA from Bridgewater College and a M.Div. (cum laude), and continued studies with both Duquesne University and Pittsburgh Theological Seminary. He is President of Cornerstone Television.

Gage Blackstone DVM is a Veterinarian at Town and Country Veterinary Hospital, Austin, TX. He has a Doctor of Veterinary Medicine from Texas A&M.

Donald F. Blake Ph.D. Assistant Professor emeritus of Biology at Walla Walla College, Washington. His Ph.D. is in Biology.

Allan Bleecker Ph.D. has a Ph.D. in Aquatic Biology and is in the Biology Department at King’s College, New York. His Ph.D. is from Rutgers University in Biology.

Edward F. Blick Ph.D. is Professor of Aerodynamics and Aerospace, Geological & Petroleum, Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering and formerly Associate Dean of Engineering at the University of Oklahoma. He received his BS in Aeronautical Engineering, his MS in Aeronautical Engineering, and a Ph.D. in Engineering science, all from the University of Oklahoma. Dr. Blick was a full Professor from 1969, Adjunct Professor School of Meteorology) , Adjunct Professor, College of Medicine, since 1974 and Professor in the School of Petroleum and Geological Engineering since 1981. He has over 150 scientific publications in peer reviewed publications and a textbook.

Richard B. Bliss D.Ed. spent over 23 years in high school science teaching, and as an adjunct professor at the university of Wisconsin. He was also Director of Science Education for the Racine, Wisconsin, Unified School District. He has a B.S. in Biology, a M.S. from the University of Wisconsin, a doctorate in Science Education from the University of Sarasota.

Robert Milton Blomgren Ph.D. has a Ph.D. in Mathematics from the University of Minnesota.

John Bloom Ph.D. is Associate Professor of Physics at Biola University. He has a B.A with honors in Chemistry from Grinnell University, a M.S. from Cornell University, a M.A. from Biblical Theological Seminary, a M.A. in Ancient Near Eastern Studies from Dropsie College, a Ph.D. from Cornell, and another Ph.D. from Annenberg Research Institute.

George Herbert Blount MS is a research scientist at Bendix. He has a BA and a M.Sc in physics from Cal Tech.

Christoph Bluth Ph.D. is Director of the Center for Euro-Asian Studies at the Graduate School for European and International Studies.

Andrew B. Bocarsly Ph.D. is Professor of Chemistry and a Research Scientist at Princeton University. His B.S. Magna Cum Laude with department honors is in Chemistry and Physics from UCLA, and his Ph.D. is from MIT in Physical Inorganic Chemistry.

René Boeré Ph.D. is Professor and Chair of Chemistry of Biochemistry at the University of Lethbridge. His B.Sc with honors was from Dalhousie University, and his Ph.D. from the University of Western Ontario, both in chemistry.

Freddy Boey Ph.D. Professor and Dean in School of Materials Science Nanyang Technological University. He has over 280 scientific publications.

Raymond G. Bohlin Ph.D. is currently Executive Director and Research Associate in Life Sciences at Probe. He received his BS in Zoology from the University of Illinois, and a MS in Population Genetics from the University of North Texas, and a MS and Ph.D. in Molecular and Cell Biology from the University of Texas at Dallas.

Edward M. Bohn Ph.D. has a Ph.D. in Nuclear Engineering from the University of Illinois.

James Montgomery Boice D.Th. is the author of over 40 books, has a BA from Harvard, A BD from Princeton, and a D.Th. from the University of Basel in Switzerland.

Yvonne Boldt Ph.D. Professor of Biology and Department Chair, Providence Academy, Plymouth, MN. She has a Ph.D. in Microbiology from the University of Minnesota.

David Bolender Ph.D. is Associate Professor and Graduate faculty in the Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology and Anatomy at the Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI. His Ph.D. in Molecular Biology is from West Virginia University.

Dennis Bonnette Ph.D. is a Full Professor of Philosophy at Niagara University in Lewiston, New York, where he was also Chairman of the Philosophy Department from 1992 to 2002. He received his Ph.D. in Philosophy from the University of Notre Dame, and taught philosophy at the college level for more than 40 years. Dr. Bonnette was a faculty of the San Diego College for Women, Loyola University in New Orleans, and the University of Dayton, before coming the Niagara University. He has written a number of scholarly articles as well as two books, Aquinas’ Proofs for God’s Existence and Origin of the Human Species.

Harold R. Booher Ph.D. was a Senior Psychologist on the Nuclear Regulatory Commission in Washington, D.C.

Jonathan C. Boomgaarden Ph.D. is a research scientist at General Electric Corporation. He has numerous patients including one for an electrophysiology devise. He has a Ph.D. in Mechanical Engineering from the University of Wisconsin.

William Bordeaux Ph.D. Professor of Chemistry, is also the Department of Natural and Mathematical Science Chair at Huntington University. His doctorate in Chemistry is from the University of Miami.

John Bordelon Ph.D. is Senior Research Engineer at Georgia Institute of Technology. His Ph.D. is in Electrical Engineering from Georgia Institute of Technology.

Peter Borger PhD is a research scientist in the area of cell biology, specifically signal transduction. He has a M.Sc. in biochemistry and molecular genetics and a PhD in medical science from the University of Groningen, the Netherlands.

William H. Vanden Born PhD Professor of Plant Science at the University of Alberta. He has a BS and MS from the University of Alberta. and PhD from the University of Toronto in biology

Andrew G. Bosanquet Ph.D., CBiol, MIBiol in Biology and Microbiology, is Director of the Bath Cancer Research Wolfson Center at the Royal United Hospital in Bath, England and the Department of Postgraduate Medicine at the University of Bath. He has a BS in biochemistry from the University of Bristol and a PhD in biochemistry from the University of Canterbury, New Zealand. He published over 65 scientific articles and book chapters in his field.

Christopher Boshkos MD Assistant Professor of Medicine at Northeastern Ohio University College of Medicine.

David Charles Bossard Ph.D. Author and Lecturer. His Ph.D. is in Mathematics from Dartmouth College.

Gregory D. Bossart is Director and Head of Pathology at Harbor Branch Oceanographic Institution.

Edward A. Boudreaux Ph.D. holds a BS in Chemistry from Loyola University, a MS in Chemistry, and a Ph.D. in Organic Chemistry, both from Tulane University, New Orleans. Dr. Boudreaux is Professor Emeritus in the Department of Chemistry at the University of New Orleans, Louisiana and a Professor of Physical Chemistry at Louisiana State University. He is the author of 4 technical books and numerous scientific papers in his field.

David Boul Ph.D. earned his degrees from Oxford, including his Ph.D. in Chemistry. Since 1971, he has worked for several of the world’s largest petroleum companies, including Esso, Shell, and BP.

David Bourell Ph.D. Professor Mechanical Engineering at the University of Texas (Austin). His BME is from Texas A&M University, his MS and Ph.D. are from Stanford University. He has published over 120 books, book chapters, and journal articles.

Gerardus D. Bouw Ph.D. Professor, Department of Mathematics and Computer Science, at Baldwin Wallace College, Berea, Ohio. Bouw received his BS in Astrophysics from the University of Rochester, Rochester, New York, a MS and a Ph.D. in Astronomy from Case Western Reserve, University, Cleveland, Ohio, and a Master of Computer Information Systems (MCIS) from Cleveland State University.

Malcolm Bowden C. Eng. is an independent British Chartered Consulting Civil and Structural Engineer. He is a Member of the Institution of MICE, MI Struct E Civil Engineers and the Institution of Structural Engineers.

Stephen Bowling Ph.D. Assistant Professor at Mathematics at Southwest Baptist University, Bolivar, MO. His BS is from John Brown University and both his MS and Ph.D. are from the University of Arkansas in Fayetteville in mathematics.

Mark P. Bowman Ph.D. a chemist for PPG Industries in Ohio and OSI Specialties, Inc. He has a Ph.D. in Organic Chemistry from Pennsylvania State University. His Ph.D. thesis was on insecticides. He also has several peer reviewed articles and several patents.

David R. Boylan Ph.D. received his BS in Chemical Engineering from the University of Kansas and a Ph.D. in Chemical Engineering from Iowa State. By 1959 he was a Full Professor and in 1970 was named Dean of the College of Engineering at Iowa State where he served until July of 1988. He resigned from the Dean’s position at age of 65, and went back to teaching. Dr. Boylan is now President of Faith Baptist Bible College, Ankeny, Iowa and Adjunct Professor in science.

Don Boys Ph.D. was educated at Moody Bible Institute, Tennessee Temple University, Emmanuel College, Freedom University, and earned his Ph.D. at Heritage Baptist University. As International Director of a Christian Conservative think tank, he has done extensive research on controversial issues and has published reports for national leaders in the media, education, and religion. He was elected to the Indiana House of Representatives.

David S. Bradbury B.S. graduated from the University of Michigan with a BS in Mechanical/Industrial Engineering. He is now retired.

Walter L. Bradley Ph.D. received his BS in Physics and a Ph.D. in Materials Science, both from the University of Texas at Austin. He taught for eight years as an Assistant/Associate Professor of Metallurgical Engineering at the Colorado School of Mines, then was Professor of Mechanical Engineering at Texas A&M University, and is now Distinguished Professor at Baylor University. Dr. Bradley has served as the Director of the Polymer Science and Engineering Program at Texas A&M University, Materials Thrust Leader for Texas A&M University’s Offshore Technology National Science Foundation Research Center, and Head of the Department of Mechanical Engineering at Texas A&M University.

Leonard R. Brand Ph.D. was Professor of Biology and Paleontology at Loma Linda University in California until his retirement in 2000. He received his Ph.D. from Cornell University in 1970.

Paul Wilson Brand M.D. completed his medical and surgical training at London University and is now Chief of the Rehabilitation Branch of the United States Public Health Service Hospital in Carville, Louisiana, as well as Clinical Professor of Surgery at Louisiana State University Medical School.

Herman Branover Ph.D. Professor of Mechanical Engineering and chair of Magnetohydrodynamics at Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Israel. His Ph.D. is from Moscow State University.

Vladimir Bransky Ph.D. is Professor of Philosophy at St. Petersburg State University, Russia.

Oscar Leo Brauer Ph.D. is Professor Emeritus of Chemistry and Physics at San Jose State College. His M.Sc. and Ph.D. are in Chemistry and minor in Physics from the University of California.

W.H. (Jack) Breazeale Ph.D. is Professor emeriti and formerly chair of the chemistry and physics department at Francis Marion University for almost 30 years. He now teaches chemistry at the College of Charleston. He is a past chair of the American Chemical Society (ACS) Division of Chemical Health and Safety, and Council Committee on Chemical Safety, past chair of the ACS National Chemistry Week Committee and a member of the ACS Committee on Committees.

John Brejda Ph.D. Research Scientist at USDA Agricultural Research Service. His Ph.D. is in Agronomy from the University of Nebraska, Lincoln.

Frederic J. Brenner PhD professor of biology, department of biology, Grove City College. He has a BS from Thiel College, and a MS and PhD from Pennsylvania State University, all in biology.

Gregory J. Brewer Ph.D. has a B.S. from the California Institute of Technology, Pasadena, CA, and a Ph.D. from the University of California San Diego (UCSD), both in Biology. He did postdoctoral work at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology on membrane-mediated macro-regulatory effects of colicin K on E. coli under Nobel laureate, Professor Salvador E. Luria. Dr. Brewer is current Professor of Neurology and Medical Microbiology at Southern Illinois University School of Medicine. He has published over 60 papers in refereed journals, made over 70 presentations and abstracts at professional meetings, and is currently an ad hoc reviewer for the National Science Foundation.

Joel Brind Ph.D. Professor of Biology at Baruch College, City University of New York. His Ph.D. is in Basic Medical Sciences from New York University.

Glen O. Brindley M.D. is Professor of Surgery and Director of Ophthalmology at Scott and White Clinic, Texas A&M University H.S.C. His BA is from the University of Texas, Austin, and his MD is from University of Texas Medical Branch.

Preston Bristow BS has a BS with high distinction in Botany and Plant Pathology from the University of Maine. He has been a conservationist and land steward for over twenty years.

Rudolf Brits Ph.D. is now Deputy-Director of Economic Development, Petoria, South Africa. His Ph.D. is in Nuclear Chemistry from the University of Stellenbosch, South Africa.

Stephen Brocott Ph.D. His Ph.D. is in Organometallic Chemistry from the University of Western Australia.

Frederick P. Brooks Ph.D. is Kenan Professor of Computer Science at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. His BA is in Physics from Duke University, and his Ph.D. is in computer science. He was a major pioneer in the development of computers.

Neil D. Broom Ph.D. is Associate Professor of Chemical and Materials Engineering at the University of Auckland. His BE (honors) is from Melbourne University. His Ph.D. in Chemical Engineering is from the University of Auckland.

Timothy R. Brophy Ph.D. is Associate Professor of Biology in the Department of Biology and Chemistry at Liberty University, Lynchburg, VA. He has a B.S. from Liberty University, a M.S. from Marshall University, and a Ph.D. from George Mason University.

Gerald Brown Ph.D. has a BS, MA, and Ph.D. all in Electrical Engineering/Power Electronics, from McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. Dr. Brown worked for Siemens AG in Germany from 1989 to 1993 and then for Siemens Energy and Automation, in Slpharetta, near Atlanta, Georgia.

Irene Brown PhD dean of social sciences Christian Heritage College, Queensland, Australia. She has a BS in psychology, a MS in counseling from the University of Auckland and a PhD in epistemology from the University of Queensland.

John S. Brown Ph.D. (Hon) is a Managing Scientist and Research Meteorologist at the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration in Boulder, CO. He has a BS (highest honors) from Hobert College, and now has many scientific publications.

Mary Brown DVM is an instructor at Columbus State Community College. Her Doctorate of Veterinary Medicine is from Ohio State University.

Michael E. Brown PhD Research scientist at the Molecular Research Center. He has a BS in biology from Columbia Union College, and a PhD from Loma Linda University. He has also taught at Walla Walla College and Antillian college.

Olen R. Brown Ph.D. is Professor of Biochemistry and investigator at the Dalton Research Center at the University of Missouri at Columbia. He received his BS in Laboratory Technology, a MS in Bacteriology and a Ph.D. in Microbiology (collateral study, Biochemistry) all from the University of Oklahoma, Norman. From 1977 to 1996 Dr. Brown was Full Professor of Microbiology, College of Veterinary Medicine at the University of Missouri, Columbia and Professor of Microbiology (now Molecular Microbiology and Immunology) in the School of Medicine there from 1981 to 1996, as well as, Professor of Biomedical Sciences in the College of Veterinary Medicine from 1987 to 1996. From 1996 to the present he was Research Professor at the Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center at the University of Missouri, Columbia.

Paul D. Brown Ph.D. is Assistant Professor of Environmental Studies at Trinity Western University in Langley Canada. His BS is from Southern Nazarene University, and his MS and Ph.D. are from the University of Idaho.

Richard D. Brown Ph.D. is Professor of Biology at Atlantic Union College in South Lancaster, Massachusetts. He received a BA in Zoology and Psychology from Columbia Union College, Takoma Park, Maryland, and a MS in Zoology from Ohio State University and a Ph.D. in Zoology from Ohio State University.

Robert H. Brown Ph.D. is an Earth Science Physicist at the Geoscience Research Institute, Loma Linda, California. He received his BS from Union College, his MS from the University of Nebraska, and a Ph.D. in Physics from the University of Washington, Seattle.

Terry Brown M.S. received a BA in Biology from the University of California, San Diego and a MS in Public Health from Loma Linda University.

Walter T. Brown Jr. Ph.D., the Director of the Center for Scientific Creation, received his BS from the United States Military Academy at Westpoint, a MS from New Mexico State University and a Ph.D. in Mechanical Engineering from Massachusetts Institute of Technology. At M.I.T. he was a National Science Foundation Fellow.

Jason Browning M.S. holds a MS in Computer Science from the University of Connecticut.

Les Bruce Jr. Ph.D. has a B.A. from John Brown University, a M.A. in education from Columbia Bible College, a Ph.D. in Linguistics from the Australian National University, was Professor of Linguistics at Christian Heritage College, and is now Professor in the Graduate School of Applied Linguistics in Dallas, Texas.

Alexei Brudnow Ph.D. an official of the Russian Ministry of Education is Head of the Department of Extracurricular and Alternative Education in Russia and Director of Supplementary Education.

John A. Brumbaugh Ph.D. is Emeritus Professor of Genetics, and Cell and Molecular Biological Sciences at the University of Nebraska, Lincoln. He developed and patented the first automated DNA sequences with John Middendorf. His Ph.D. from Iowa State in genetics was given the 1985 distinguished teaching award. His BS in biology is from Cederville College. He has 2 post doctorates, one from Purdue and one from Harvard University.

Nigel Brush Ph.D. is Assistant Professor of Geology at Ashland University in Ohio. He has a Ph.D. in Anthropology from UCLA, a MA in Archaeology from the University of Southampton, England, and a MA and BA in Anthropology from Ohio State University.

Nancy Bryson Ph.D. is Assistant Professor of Chemistry at Kennesaw State University. Her BS is in Biology from Mississippi University for Women and her Ph.D. is in Physical Chemistry from the University of South Carolina.

Richard H. Bube Ph.D. is emeritus professor of Material Science, Department of Materials Science and Engineering at Stanford university. He received a BS in Physics from Brown University, and a Ph.D. in Physics from Princeton University. He served as Chairman of the Department of Materials Science and Engineering for 10 years. He has published 7 textbooks and 324 scientific papers in his field.

H. Paul Buchheim Ph.D. is Geology Graduate Program Coordinator and Professor of Geology at Loma Linda University. His Ph.D. is from the University of Wyoming.

Douglas R. Buck Ph.D. has a Ph.D. in Nutrition and Food Sciences from Utah State University. Fellow, American College of Nutrition. He is the author of five books.

Jay Budziszewski Ph.D. Professor Government and Philosophy, University of Texas at Austin. His Ph.D. in Political Science is from Yale University.

John A. Buehler Ph.D., a consulting chemist, has a BA from the University of Pennsylvania, and a MA and Ph.D. from the University of Indiana, where he majored in organic and inorganic chemistry.

John Adolph Buehler PhD Professor emeritus of chemistry Anderson College. He has a AB from the university of Pennsylvania, and a AM and PhD from the University of Indiana, all in chemistry.

Eugene Buff M.D. Ph.D. is a research consultant. He has a MD and a Ph.D. in Genetics from the Institute of Developmental Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences.

Richard Buggs Ph.D. is a botanist, has a MA from Cambridge and a D.Phil (PhD in America) from Oxford University in Plant Ecology and Evolution.

Leonard R. Bullas Ph.D. is Professor of Microbiology at Loma Linda University. His Ph.D. is from Montana State University.

Sharon King Bullock Ph.D. did her Postdoctoral Research (and is now on the biology faculty) of the Department of Radiation Oncology Medical College of Virginia, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia with special interests in researching cellular mechanisms that protect against the genotoxic effects of various environmental stresses. Dr. Bullock has a BS in Zoology (summa cum laude) from North Carolina State University and a Ph.D. in Pathology and Laboratory Medicine from the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill.

John L. Burba III Ph.D. is a research scientist for FMC Chemical Corporation. He has a Ph.D. in Physical Chemistry from Baylor University.

George Van Burbach Ph.D. is a creation geologist.

Clifford Burdick Hon. D.Sc. received a BS and later a MS in Geology from the University of Wisconsin. He later received an Honorary Doctor of Science from Milton College, Wisconsin, after having completed the course work at the University of Arizona for the Ph.D. degree.

Stuart C. Burgess Ph.D. is a Reader/Lecturer in Engineering Design in the Department of Mechanical Engineering at Bristol University in the United Kingdom. Burgess received a BS Honors Degree in Mechanical Engineering and a Ph.D. in Mechanical Engineering in 1989, both from Brunel University, United Kingdom.

Laura Burke Ph.D Associate Professor of Industrial Engineering Lehigh University. She earned the 1992 Alfred Noble Robinson Award for outstanding service to the university.

John E. Burkhalter Ph.D is Professor of Aerospace Engineering at Auburn University and present Chairman of Applied Aerodynamics Technical Committee. He is an Atmospheric physicist with Auburn University, where he did his doctoral work on supercritical vortex flow. Dr. Burkhalter received a BA in Engineering, and a MS, both from Auburn University and a Ph.D. from the University of Texas at Austin.

Leonard F. Burkart PhD professor emeritus of forestry at Stephen Austin State University. He has BF, a MF and a PhD, all in forestry from the University of Minnesota.

W. Dennis Burrowes M.A. has a MA from Oxford University. He was a Canadian educator until his retirement.

Henry R. Busby PhD mechanical Engineering, The Ohio State University.

James O. Buswell III Ph.D. was with Wheaton College until he retired. He has a Ph.D. in Anthropology.

Michael Button M.A. is Professor of Mathematics at the Masters College. He has a B.S. from the University of California, Los Angeles, a M.A. from the University of California, San Diego, and a Ph.D. from Bowling Green State University. After receiving his Ph.D., Dr. Button taught as an assistant professor of Mathematics at Louisiana College in Pineville, LA, from 1996 to 1998. Dr. Button also is an adjunct professor for the Center for Professional Studies at The Masters College (TMC).

Gary A. Byers an Archaeologist, has graduate degrees in Christian Education and Biblical Archaeology. He serves as the Executive Director of the Associates for Biblical Research and Director of the Ai Expedition at Khirbet el Magatir in Israel.

R.E. Byers M.S. received a BS in Ecology and Theoretical Physics and a MS in Theoretical Ecology, both from the University of Toronto.

John Byl Ph.D. is Professor of Mathematics and Head of the Department of Mathematical Sciences at Trinity Western University at Langley, in British Columbia, Canada. His Ph.D. is in Astronomy from the University of British Columbia.

N. Ricky Byrn Ph.D. has a Ph.D. in Nuclear Engineering from Georgia Institute of Technology.

William J. Cairney, PhD Adjunct professor of medicine, Western University of Health Sciences. His BS is in biochemistry with honors from Rutgers University, a MS in mycology and animal pathology and a PhD in medical microbiology from Cornell University. He is the author of many research articles in his field.

Stephen Caesar B.A. Adjunct Professor at Newbury College, Massachusetts. He received his B.A. magna cum laude in International Relations and Spanish from Tufts University, and a MS in Anthropology /Archaeology at Harvard University. He is also an author and research scientist.

C. L. Cagan PhD taught mathematics at UCLA and other schools. His BA, MA and PhD are all in mathematics from UCLA. His second MA and PhD are from Claremont Graduate school and this third Masters is from Biola University. He now works as a statistical analyst.

Gerald D. Cagle Ph.D. professor, department of Microbiology Ohio State University and Senior Vice President for Research and Development at Alcon Laboratories, Inc. Dr. Cagle holds a BS from Wayland College and a MS and Ph.D. from North Texas State University, all in microbiology. He is also a graduate of the Harvard Program for Management Development.

Ernst Boris Chain PhD. After earning his Ph.D. is in biochemistry he worked as a research scientist, first at Cambridge, then at Oxford University in research and as a professor at several universities, including in Rome, Italy. Chain’s work on penicillin, earned him his numerous honors and awards that include, besides a Nobel Prize, the Pasteur Medal, the Paul Ehrlich Centenary Prize, and a Knighthood in 1969. His Nobel was specifically for his research that demonstrated the structure of penicillin and successfully isolated it to make its use practical. Chain’s chief contribution to the research was both to isolate and purify penicillin. An internationally respected scientist, Chain is now widely regarded as one of the major founders of the field of antibiotics. Other important work by Chain included the study of snake venom, specifically the finding that its neurotoxic effects are caused by their destroying an essential intracellular respiratory coenzyme. Chain also discovered penicillinase, an enzyme that catalyzes the destruction of penicillin.

Donald F. Calbreath is Professor of Chemistry at Whitworth College. He received a Ph.D. in Biochemistry from Ohio State University and did a post doc at Duke University Medical Center. In 1970, he became Director of Clinical Chemistry for a Durham, North Carolina hospital which functioned as a teaching hospital for Duke University School of Medicine. He was also adjunct professor in the Department of Pathology at Duke. In 1984, he moved to Whitworth college. Publications include data interpretation in laboratory medicine and the textbook Clinical Chemistry: A Fundamental Textbook.

Joseph L. Calkins M.D., formerly a Professor at Johns Hopkins University, now an Ophthalmologist in Denver, Pennsylvania. His M.D. is from the University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI.

John H. Calvert J.D. has been in the private practice of law since 1968 when he was admitted to the Missouri Bar. He has a BA in Geology.

Ashby L. Camp J.D., M.Div. received a BA magna cum laude from the University of Florida, earned a Juris Doctor Degree from Duke University School of Law in 1977 and in 1990 he graduated summa cum laude with a M.Div from Harding University Graduate School.

Robert Horton Cameron PhD Professor of Mathematics at the University of Minnesota and formerly a Researcher at Princeton University and Princeton Institute for Advanced Study. His MA and PhD are both from Cornell in Mathematics.

Russell R. Camp Ph.D. received a MS in Biology/Zoology from Miami University of Ohio, and a Ph.D. in Botany from the University of Wisconsin in 1970. He is Professor of Biology at Gordon College.

Harold Camping B.S. is President and co-founder of Family Stations, Inc., a Christian educational network. He earned a BS in Engineering from the University of California at Berkeley.

Taslaman Caner Ph.D. graduated from Bogazici University, Istanbul with a MS and has a MS and Ph.D. from Marmara University, Istanbul, in Philosophy. He was a visiting scholar at the University of Tokyo and a post doc at Harvard University. His MS thesis was on the Big Bang Theory published under the title “The Big Bang and God.” His dissertation thesis was on the Theory of Evolution which will be published with the title “The Theory of Evolution and God.”

John Cannon Ph.D. is an Associate Research Fellow at Abbott Laboratories and an adjunct professor of Organic Chemistry at Trinity International University. His BS is from Duke University and his Ph.D. is from Princeton University, both in Organic Chemistry.

Kenneth A. Caproni M.S. received a BS in Physics/Mathematics from Seattle Pacific University and a MS in Physics from Oregon State University.

Arnold Eugene Carden Ph.D. has a Ph.D. in Metallurgy from the University of Connecticut.

Sharon Cargo D.V.M. is a Practicing Veterinarian in Southern California, adjunct professor of the Institute for Creation Research Graduate School.

Timothy L. Carey BS is Professor and Chair of the Geosciences Department at Delta College. His BS is in Geology, his MS in Hydrogeology, and Ph.D. in Geology, all from Western Michigan University. He has also been a petroleum geologist (Chevron), was a past winner of the Delta College Excellence in Teaching Award, and has also served as President of the Delta College Senate.

Gail L. Carlson D.V.M. Ph.D. has a BS in Nutrition and a D.V.M. in Veterinary Medicine both from Ohio State. She is a Veterinarian in Cheyenne, North Dakota. Her Ph.D. is in Physiology.

Richard F. Carlson Ph.D. is Research Professor of Physics at the University of Redlands, Redlands, California. Dr. Carlson received a BS in Physics/Math from the University of Redlands and a MS and Ph.D. in Physics from the University of Minnesota, and a MA in Theology/ Biblical Studies from Fuller Theological Seminary.

Russell W. Carlson is Professor of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology and Director of the Complex Carbohydrate Research Center at the University of Georgia. His BA in Chemistry is from North Park College and his Ph.D. in Biochemistry is from the University of Colorado, Boulder, CO.

Lynn E. Carothers Ph.D. is an Associate Professor of Statistics. His BS is from the University of Southern California, University Park, his MS from California State University, Northridge and his Ph.D. in Science Education is from the University of Southern California, University Park.

Donald Robert Carr PhD Professor emeritus at Sheldon College. He has a B.S from the University of Rochester, and a MA and PhD from Columbia University, both in geochemistry.

Clarence B. Carson Ph.D. has a a BA from Auburn University in History and a Ph.D. from Vanderbilt. A college professor by vocation, he has written 15 books and 500 articles.

Ronald S. Carson Ph.D. has a Ph.D. in Nuclear Engineering from the University of Washington.

Lynn K. Carta Ph.D. is a Research Plant Pathologist with the U.S. Department of Agriculture. She has a BA in biology from Clark University, a MS in biology from California State Polytechic University, and a Ph.D. in plant pathology from the University of California, Riverside and a post-doc at Cal Tech.

George F. Carter Ph.D. is Distinguished Professor Emeritus with the Department of Geography at Texas A & M University, College Station, Texas.

Jarrod W. Carter Ph.D. has a Ph.D. in Bioengineering from the University of Washington Biomechanics Laboratory.

Robert Carter PhD is a research scientist. His PhD is in marine biology and genetics from The University of Miami and his BS is in Applied Biology from George Tech..

Ronald L. Carter Ph.D. is Professor of Biology in the Department of Natural Sciences at Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California. Dr. Carter received his BA in Biology from Columbia Union College, Takoma Park, Maryland, a M.Div. from Andrews University, and a Ph.D. from Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California. Dr. Carter did Post-doctoral training in molecular systematics at Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden, Claremont College, Claremont, California.

Stephen L. Carter MD, Professor of biology at Antietam Bible College & Graduate School Hagerstown , Maryland. His B.S. in Chemistry (a math minor) is from University of Illinois; and M.D. from Abraham Lincoln School of Medicine University of Illinois College of Medicine. Surgical Internship and Residency, University of Rochester, Penn State General Surgery, Board Certified. 

Richard Caster M.S. holds a BS in Chemical Engineering and a MS from the University of Washington. He is a senior scientist in the Chemistry Department of Weyerhaeuser of Tacoma, Washington.

Reid W. Castrodale P.E., Ph.D. has a P.E., Ph.D. in Structural Engineering from the University of Texas, Austin.

David Catchpoole B.Ag.Sc. Ph.D. is a plant physiologist and science educator, specializing in tropical agriculture and horticulture. He has an honorary Ph.D. in Plant Physiology from the University of New England.

Hiram Caton Ph.D. is Professor, Fellow of the National Institute of Law, Ethics, and head of the School of Applied Ethics at Griffith University, Adelaide, South Australia. His BA is from the University of Chicago, and his Ph.D. is from Yale. He has taught at Museum of Comparative Zoology at Harvard University.

Sung-Do Cha Ph.D. is Professor of Physics at Gang Won University. He received his Ph.D. in Physics from So Gang University.

Arthur V. Chadwick Ph.D., D.Sc. is Professor of Geology and Biology and Chairman of the Biology Department at Southwestern Adventist College, Keene, Texas since 1984. Chadwick received a BA in Biology from La Sierra College, and a Ph.D. in Molecular Biology from the University of Miami, and did a Postdoctoral in Geology at the University of California. He has been a Research Associate with the Geoscience Research Institute, Loma Linda University, since 1988.

Eugene F. Chaffin Ph.D. is a Physics Professor at Bob Jones University. Dr. Chaffin received a BS and MS in Physics, and a Ph.D. in Theoretical Nuclear Physics in 1974, all from Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma. He did his post-doctorate at the Institute for Applied Nuclear Physics in Karlsruhe, Germany.

Myoung-Joon Chai Ph.D. is a Professor at Hanyang University and received a Ph.D. in Chemistry from Seoul National University.

David H. Chambers Ph.D. is a Research Physicist at Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory, Livermore, CA. His BS and MA is in Physics from Washington University in St. Louis, and his Ph.D. is in Theoretical and Applied Mathematics from the University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign.

Jonathan Chambers BSc Ph.D. is professor of psychology at the University of Sheffield, UK. His research deals with oculomotor control.

Mark A. Chambers Ph.D. has a Ph.D. in Virology from the University of Cambridge (UK).

Scott A. Chambers Ph.D. is Professor of Chemistry and Material Science at the University of Washington.

Choong-Kuk Chang Ph.D. is a Genetic Engineering Scientist in New Jersey and has a Ph.D. in Genetics from Princeton University.

Jeun-Sik Chang is a Professor of Aeronautical Engineering (on AIG web page).

Bruce K. Chapman B.A. received his BA from Harvard University. Chapman founded the Seattle based Discovery Institute.

David C. Chapman Ph.D. is a Senior Scientist at Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. His bachelors and masters degrees were in Agricultural Engineering, both from Cornell University. His Ph.D. in Physical Oceanography was from Scripts Institute of Oceanography in Jolla, CA.

Dorothy F. Chappell Ph.D. is a Professor of Biology, and Chair of the Department of Biology at Wheaton College. She has been Natural Scientist and Academic Dean at Gordon College, Wenham, MA since 1994. Dr. Chappell received a BS in Biology from Longwood College, a MS in Biology and a Ph.D. in Botany from Miami University of Ohio.

Gene B. Chase Ph.D. is Professor of Mathematics and Computer Science at Messiah College. His Ph.D. is from Cornell University.

J. Alex Chediak Ph.D. is Assistant Professor of Physics at Northwestern College, St. Paul, MN. His Ph.D. and M.S. are from the University of California-Berkeley, and B.S. is from New York State College of Ceramics at Alfred University.

Dennis W. Cheek Ph.D. is director of research for the Rhode Island Department of Education and adjunct professor at the University of Rhode Island. He received a BA in History from Towson State University a MA in History from the University of Maryland, a BS in Biology from Regents College, University of the State of New York, and a Ph.D. in Science Education from Pennsylvania State University. He did Post-doctoral studies in Information Sciences and Policy at the University of Albany, SUNY from 1990 to 1991. He also has Ph.D. in Theology from the University of Durham, England. Dr. Cheek has published widely in the scholarly literature in the area of science education and and education in general.

Stephen J. Cheesman Ph.D. a genetic systems analysist. He has a Ph.D. in Geophysics from the University of Toronto.

Guang-Hong Chen Ph.D. Assistant Professor of Medical Physics & Radiology University of Wisconsin-Madison. He has a BS from Beijing University in physics, a MS from Nankai University in mathematical physics, and a Ph.D. from the University of Utah in condensed matter physics.

Tar Timothy Chen Ph.D. received a BS in Mathematics from National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan, a MD from South-West Baptist Theological Seminary, Fort Worth, Texas, a MS and Ph.D., both in Statistics, from the University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.

Frank Cheng Ph.D. is Associate Professor of Environmental Science at the University of Idaho. His B.S. is from the University of Delaware, a Ph.D. from Penn State University, and a post-doc from Texas A & M University. He is on the editorial board of Microchemical Journal.

Valery A. Cherepanov is at the Svetlana's Laser Physics Department at St. Petersburg University and is affiliated with the Russian Science Center Kurchatov Institute, Moscow.

R. Gary Chiang Ph.D. is a professor in the Department of Biology and Associate Dean, Natural Sciences and Mathematics Division, at Redeemer College, Ancaster, Ontario, Canada. He received a BS from the University of Toronto, a MS and a Ph.D. from the Department of Zoology, University of Toronto.

Paul Chien Ph.D. Professor of Biology and Chair University of San Francisco. His Ph.D. in biology is from University of California, Irvine Department of Development and Cell Biology. He has over 50 peer reviewed publications. He did his post doctorate at Cal Tech.

Robert A. Chilson Ph.D. is an Associate Professor in the Department of Biology at Loma Linda University, Riverside, California. He received a BA from Andrews University and a Ph.D. from the University of Wisconsin.

Donald E. Chittick Ph.D. earned a BS in Chemistry from Williamette University, Salem, Oregon, and a Ph.D. in Physical Chemistry from Oregon State University in Corvallis. He has taught at the college level for 21 years at the University of Puget sound and George Fox College.

Shing-Yan Chiu Ph.D. is a Professor of Physiology at the University of Wisconsin Medical School, Madison, WI.

Chung-Il Cho Ph.D. is Professor of Biology at a college. His Ph.D. is from the University of Washington in Phsiology.

J. I. Cho is Assistant Professor in the Department of Biology at Junnam University in Korea.

Bill Chobotar PhD is professor of biology at Andrews University. His BS, and MS are both in biology from Walla Walla College and his PhD is in Biology from Utah State University.

B. J. Choi is Associate Professor in the Industrial Science Department at Kongju University in Korea.

Byong-Seok Choi Ph.D. is Professor of Structural Biochemistry in the Chemistry Department at the Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Taejon, Korea. He received a BS and MS from Seoul National University, and a Ph.D. from Brandeis University and Postdoctoral studies at M.I.T.

Young-Sang Choi Ph.D. Professor in the Department of Chemistry, Korea University, Seoul, Korea. He received a BS and a MS in Chemistry, and a Ph.D. in Chemistry from the University of Miami in 1974.

Malcolm D. Chrisholm Ph. has a Ph.D. in Insect Ecology from the University of Bristol, UK. He also has a M.A. in Zoology from Oxford University.

John Christy Ph.D. is Professor of Atmospheric Science and Director of the Earth System Science Center at the University of Alabama, Huntsville, Alabama. Dr. Christy received a BA in Mathematics from California State University, Fresno, and taught Physics and Chemistry in Nyeri, Kenya. He received a M.Div. from Golden Gate Baptist Seminary, and a MS and Ph.D. in Atmospheric Sciences from the University of Illinois.

Pak Lim Chu Ph.D. is Professor of Electrical Engineering, University of New South Wales, Australia. His BE (with honors) and ME and Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering is from the University of New South Wales. He has published over 340 scientific papers.

Gerald Chubb P.E., Ph.D. is an Associate Professor of Aerospace Engineering and Aviation at Ohio State University. His Ph.D. is in Industrial and Systems Engineering from Ohio State University.

Christopher K. Chui Ph.D. received a Bachelor of Applied Science Degree in Engineering Physics from the University of Toronto, Canada, a MS in Electrical Engineering from West Coast University, Los Angeles, California, and a Ph.D. in the Philosophy of Science from Logos Graduate School Miami, Florida in 1992. He was an instructor and Computer Technician for LAUSD from 1999 to 2001 and is currently Instructor and Computer Technician for the SINO Community Center.

John M. Cimbala Ph.D. is Professor of Mechanical Engineering in the Department of Mechanical and Nuclear Engineering at Pennsylvania State University. Dr. Cimbala received a BS in Aerospace Engineering with highest distinction from Pennsylvania State University, a M.S. and Ph.D. in Aeronautics from the California Institute of Technology (Caltech).

Alfred Ciraldo MD is Assistant Professor of Surgery at Northeastern Ohio University College of Medicine.

Patrick H. Clancy Ed.D. is a retired New York City School biology teacher. He has a BS in Biology, a MA in Science Education, and an Ed.D. in Educational Administration and Policy Structures. Is now an instructor at King's College, New York.

Arthur Chadwich Ph.D. has a Ph.D. in Molecular Biology from the University of Miami.

Donald Clark Ph.D. is Vice-President of Development and Medical affairs at Houston Biotechnology Incorporated. His Ph.D. is in Physical Biochemistry from Louisiana State University.

Marilyn E. Clark Ph.D. is Emeritus Professor of Theoretical and Applied Mechanics at the University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign and a member of the Faculty of Bioengineering. Dr. Clark received a BS and Ph.D. in Civil Engineering, both from the University of Wisconsin.

Robert E.D. Clark Professor emeritus of Chemistry at Cambridgeshire College in Cambridge, England. He Has a MA and Ph.D. in Organic Chemistry from Cambridge University.

Benjamin L. Clausen Ph.D. is a research scientist at the Geoscience Research Institute, Loma Linda, California and is an Adjunct professor in the Department of Natural Sciences, Loma Linda University, Loma Linda, California and in the Department of Physics, La Sierra University, Riverside, California. He received a BA in Math/Physics from Union College, Lincoln, Nebraska, a MS in Geology from Loma Linda University, Riverside, California, and a Ph.D. in Nuclear Physics from the University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado.

Conrad D. Clausen Ph.D. is Associate Professor of Biology in the Biology Department of Loma Linda University. His BA is in Biology and Chemistry, and his Ph.D. is from Loma Linda in Marine Biology.

George Cleaver Ph.D. Ohio State University. Reasons to Believe.

Kieran M. Clements Ph.D. is Assistant Professor of Natural Sciences at Toccoa Falls College. Her Ph.D. is in Entomology from North Carolina State University.

Charles A. Clough M.S. graduated from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology with a BS in Mathematics. He also received a MS in Meteorology from Texas Tech, and a MA in Theology from Dallas Theological Seminary. He is a scientist and author, and is on the Board of Advisors at the Chafer Theological Seminary.

William W. Cobern Ph.D. is Professor of Science Education at Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, Michigan. Cobern received a BA in Biology and Chemistry from the University of California, San Diego, California, a MA in Education from San Diego State University, and a Ph.D. in Science Education from the University of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado.

Joneen S. Cockman B.S. is a Plant Taxonomist and specialist in ethnobiology. She currently works for the Chino Mines Company, a Division of the Phelps Dodge Mining Company, Phelps Dodge Corporation, as an environmental Engineer.

Harold G. Coffin Ph.D. retired from the Geoscience Research Institute after twenty seven years of service as a research scientist. He completed his BA and MS in Biology at Walla Walla College, Washington, and his Ph.D. in Marine Zoology at the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.

John Cogdell Ph.D. is Professor of Electrical and Computer Engineering at the University of Texas (Austin).

Jennifer M. Cohen Ph.D. has a Ph.D. in Mathematical Physics from New Mexico Institute of Mining and Technology.

R. David Cole Ph.D. is Emeritus Professor of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California. Dr. Cole received a BS and a Ph.D., both in Chemistry from the University of California, Berkeley.

Harold D. Cole is Professor of Physiology at Southwestern Oklahoma State University. He has a BS from East Central Oklahoma State University and a Ph.D. from Oklahoma State University.

Sid Cole Ph.D. is a Research Scientist at Sanitarium Health Food Company in Australia. He holds a BS and a MS in Chemistry from Melbourne University and a Ph.D. in biochemistry from Newcastle University.

William B. Collier Ph.D. has a Ph.D. in Physical Chemistry from Oklahoma State University.

Francis S. Collins M.D., Ph.D. is a physician-geneticist and was the Director of the Human Genome Project since 1993. He obtained a BA in Chemistry from the University of Virginia with highest honors and followed up with a M.Phil. and a Ph.D. in Physical Chemistry from Yale University. Recognizing that a revolution was beginning in molecular biology, he changed fields and enrolled in medical school to study medicine at the University of North Carolina, where he received his . A theistic evolutionist, he is a strong Christian who believes that God guided evolution.

Glen C. Collins Ph.D. is Professor U.S. Naval Academy. His Ph.D. is in Artificial Intelligence/Software Engineering from Vanderbilt University, and his BS is from Georgia Institute of Technology in Electrical Engineering.

Robin Collins Ph.D. is a professor of philosophy at Messiah College, Grantham, PA. His post-doc was in the history and philosophy of science at Northwestern University. His BS is in physics from Washington State University. His Ph.D. is in Philosophy from the University of Notre Dame.

Ralph F. Coleman MD professor of neuropathology at the University of California, Los Angles. He has a MS, and MD degrees.

Charles W. Colson J.D. is Chairman of the Board of Prison Fellowship, a syndicated columnist, international speaker, and radio commentator of “BreakPoint,” a nationally syndicated daily broadcast. He received a BA from Brown University, and a J.D. with honors from George Washington University.

Gary Colwell Ph.D. is Philosophy Professor in the Department of Philosophy at Concordia University College of Alberta, Canada. He received a BA and a MA from New Brunswick and a Ph.D. from the University of Waterloo.

Leon Combs Ph.D. is Chemistry and Biology Professor and Chair at Kennesaw State University. His Ph.D. is in Chemical Physics from Louisiana State University.

Merritt Stanley Congdon. PhD professor emeritus of basic science at Trinity college, Florida. He has a PhD and a Sc.D. from Webster University

Nicholas Comninellis M.D. is Associate Professor of Community and Family Medicine at the University of Missouri-Kansas City. His M.D. is from the University of Missouri, Kansas City School of Medicine.

Bob Compton D.V.M., Ph.D. has a Doctor of Veterinary Medicine Degree from Washington State University and a Ph.D. in Physiology at the University of Wisconsin/Madison.

Keith F. Conner Ph.D. is a wireless research development engineer for Lucent Technologies and associate editor of several scientific journals. He has a Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering from Clemson University.

Rebecca Conolly B.Sc. has worked as a Development Engineer in satellite positioning techniques. She now writes and consults from her home in Bwlawayo, Zimbabwe.

David Conover Ph.D. has a Ph.D. in Health Physics from Purdue University.

Arthur Constance author, has a BA and MA in biblical languages from the University of Toronto and a Ph.D. in anthropology from the University of Ottawa School of Psychology and Education.

Harry Cook D.Sc. is Professor Emeritus of Biology with King’s University College and has been Adjunct Professor in the Department of Biological Science at the University of Alberta since 1988. He received a B.Sc.A. and a M.Sc.A. in Animal Science from the University of British Columbia, and a D.Sc. in Zoology from the Free University of Amsterdam.

John D. Cook Ph.D. is Head of Software Development at the Department of Biostatistics and Applied Mathematics, University of Texas, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center. His Ph.D. in Mathematics is from U.T. Austin.

Melvin A. Cook PhD. Professor emeritus of Metallurgy at the University of Utah. His PhD is from Yale University in chemistry. He is internationally famous for inventing water slurry explosives that has revolutionized mining. His many awards include by the American Chemical Society and the Nitro-Nobel Gold Medal, Nobel foundation, Stockholm. He has also published widely in the professional literature.

Jim Cooke M.S. is an exploration Geophysicist (Paleontologist/ Biostratigrapher) in the Gulf of Mexico, Africa, South America, the Far East, Texas, Oklahoma, and the northwest United States. Cooke received a BS in Biology from Ashland University, Ashland, Ohio, and a MS in Geology from Tulane University, New Orleans, Louisiana.

Robert E. Cooley Ph.D. was the second president of Gordon-Conwell Theological Seminary, South Hamilton, Massachusetts (from 1981 to 1997). He is currently serving as the first chancellor of that institution. Cooley received a BA and a MA from Wheaton College Graduate School, and a Ph.D. from New York University.

Dale Cooper Ph.D. is a research scientist at Procter and Gamble in Cincinnati. He has a Ph.D. from Iowa State University from the department of biochemistry, biophysics and molecular biology.

George W. Cooper Jr. M.A. has been professor of psychology at the Madison Area Technical College. He received a BS in Psychology from the University of Wisconsin, Madison and a MA in Psychology from West Virginia University.

Ronald L. Cooper Ph.D. received a BA from San Francisco State University, a Certificate in Mechanical Engineering from the University of California, at Davis, a MA and a Ph.D. in Economics from the University of California, Berkeley. Dr. Cooper is Professor of Business at Patten College, Oakland, California.

B. J. Corbin B.A. received a BA from Salisbury University, Salisbury, Maryland and is Vice President of the Archaeological Imaging Research Consortium.

Richard M. Cornelius Ph.D. is a Bryan College English professor and expert on the Scopes Trial. He received a BA in English from Bryan College, a MS in English from the University of Tennessee, Knoxville, and a Ph.D. in English from the University of Tennessee, Knoxville.

Joseph Corrales MA is professor and chair, department of computer science and computer information systems, Palo Alto College, San Antonio, TX. His BS is from Wayland Baptist College and his MA from Webster University.

Daniel S. Cosgrove M.D., FACP, FACEP is Medical Director for the WellMax Center, located near Palm Springs, California. He earned a B.A. in Psychobiology from the University of California, Los Angeles, and a M.D. from Washington University Medical School in St. Louis.

Mark P. Cosgrove Ph.D. received a BA in Psychology from Creighton University, a MS and a Ph.D. in Experimental Psychology from Purdue University. He has been a Full Professor of Psychology at Taylor University since 1986.

Paul K. Coski M.S. received a BS in Earth Science from the University of Idaho and a MS from the Institute for Creation Research. He is employed by C.H. Woods & Associates, a geotechnical firm in San Diego.

H. Thomas Coss Ph.D. Professor of Biology, Bob Jones University. Has his MA in Biology from Appalachian State University, and his Ph.D. is in Zoology from Clemson University.

Marcos Natal de Souza Costa Ph.D. a professor of geology at Adventist University of São Paulo – Campus I. His PhD is in Geology from the University of São Paulo, USP.

John Cleveland Cothran PhD professor emeritus of chemistry University of Minnesota, formerly on the staff at Cornell University. He has a PhD from Cornell in chemistry.

Michael Covington Ph.D. is Associate Director of the Artificial Intelligence Center at the University of Georgia. His Ph.D. is in linguistics from Yale University.

Nick Cowan BS is head of chemistry at Bluecoat School in Liverpool. He has a degree in Chemistry from Cambridge University. His wife, also a young earth creationist, is head of science department at Belvedere School in Liverpool.

Steven B. Cowan Ph.D. is associate director of the Apologetics Research Center in Birmingham, AL. His Ph.D. is in philosophy from the University of Arkansas.

David Cowles PhD is Professor of Biology at Walla Walla College. His PhD in biology is from California State University.

William Lane Craig Ph.D. Professor of Philosophy at Biola University. He has a BA in communications from Trinity Evangelical Divinity School, a Ph.D. in Philosophy from the University in Birmingham (England), and a Doctorate in Theology from the University of Munich in Germany. He has over 175 publications in academic journals.

Doug Craigen PhD former professor of physics Acadia University, now a physicist for Integrated Engineering Software. He has a BA from the University of British Columbia and a PhD in physics from the University of Winnipeg

Lenny ("Len") Cram Ph.D. is a Lightning Ridge (New South Wales) scientist who earned his Ph.D. from his opal research. He authored the book Journey with Color, a History of Australia’s Opal Mines.

John Allen Cramer Ph.D. received a BS in Physics from Wheaton College, a MS in Physics from Ohio University, and a Ph.D. in Physics from Texas A&M University. Dr. Cramer was appointed Assistant Professor of Physics at Oglethorpe University, Atlanta, Georgia, in 1980 and has been Professor of Physics there since 1991.

Daniel R. Crane Ph.D. is Professor of Chemistry at Northwestern College, St. Paul, MN. His Ph.D. is from the University of California-Santa Barbara, and B.S. is from Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology.

Tim Crater MD is a Physician in the Midwest United States.

Ronald R. Crawford Ed.D. has a Ed.D. in Science Education from Ball State University.

Dan Criswell Ph.D. is a Professor of Chemistry at ICR. He has a BS at Weber State University in Ogden, Utah, a MS in Biology from ICR, and a Ph.D. in Molecular Biology at the University of Montana.

David Criswell B.A., M.Div. is an assistant professor at a college in Texas.

Caroline Crocker Ph.D. is an adjunct professor of cell biology at George Mason University in Fairfax, Virginia. She has a BS in microbiology and virology with honors from the University of Warwick, a MA in medical microbiology from the University of Birmingham, and a Ph.D. in immunopharmacology from the University of Southampton, UK. The former Oxford University scientist has 29 major publications in refereed scientific journals.

Laurence R. Croft Ph.D. is Professor of Biological Science at the University of Salford, England. His Ph.D. is in biology. He has published several books and journal articles.

Gerald L. Croissant Ph.D. Professor Emeritus of Plant and Soil Science in the Horticulture Department at California State Polytechnic University in Ponoma and was Coordinator for the Agronomy Section. Croissant received a BS in Agronomy from Colorado State University, a MS in Agronomy from the University of Idaho and a Ph.D. in Plant Breeding from the University of Wisconsin.

Nigel E. A. Crompton Ph.D. is a Cell Biologist and Laboratory Head at the Institute for Medical Radiobiology of the University of Zurich and a Radiation Biologist in the Department of Life Sciences for the Paul Scherrer Institute, Villigen, Switzerland. His BS is in genetics and cell biology from Manchester University and his PhD from Justus Liebig Universitaet in Germany. In 2002 he moved to a professorship at Cornerstone University and at the Van Andel Research Institute.

Stephen Crouse Ph.D. is Professor of Health, Nutrition and Kinesiology and Associate Department Head and Chair, Kinesiology Division at Texas A&M University. His B.S.E. is from Drake University. His Ph.D. from the University of New Mexico.

Dale Crowley M.S. has a MS in Linguistics with a minor in Japanese from Georgetown University and is a researcher and coordinator of Pacific and Asian language programs as well as Assistant Professor of Japanese at the University of Hawaii.

G. Richard Culp D.O. a physician in private practice. He received a BS in Biology from Purdue University, a MS in Botany from the University of Michigan, and DO from the University of Osteopathic Medicine.

Kenneth B. Cumming Ph.D. received a BS in Chemistry/Biology from Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts, and a MA in Biology (Genetics) and Ph.D. in Biology (Major in Ecology/Minor in Biochemistry) both from Harvard University. Dr. Cumming was for years engaged in aquatic research with the U.S. Government.

Thomas F. Cummings Ph.D. is Professor Emeritus of Analytical Chemistry at Bradley University. He has a Ph.D. in Chemistry from Case Western Reserve University.

Jack W. Cuozzo D.D.S. Assistant Director of the Dental Department at Mountainside Hospital (Montclair, New Jersey), since 1969. Dr. Cuozzo studied at Georgetown University majoring in Biology graduating from Loyola University of Chicago with a MS in Oral Biology, and a D.D.S. from the University of Pennsylvania School of Dentistry.

Thomas C. Curtis has a B.E. (Hons) from the University of New South Wales (Sydney) and a Th.L. from the Australian College of Theology. He began work as a biochemist at the Commonwealth Serum Laboratories in Melbourne and later worked in the mining industry in Australia and Zambia.

William M. Curtis III M.S., Th.D. received a BS in Mechanical Engineering from the University of Utah, a MS in Aerospace Engineering from Southern Methodist University, a Th.M. from Capital Bible Seminary, and a Th.D.(summa cum laude) from Trinity Theological Seminary.

Robert A. Cushman, Jr. Ph.D. is Adjunct Assistant Professor of Geology at Loma Linda University. His Ph.D. is from Colorado School of Mines.

Stewart Custer Ph.D. is Professor of New Testament, Ancient Languages, and Theology at Bob Jones University. His B.A. and M.A. in Bible, Ph.D. in ancient languages at Bob Jones University. He is director of Howell Memorial Planetarium in Greenville, S.C.

Malcolm A. Cutchins Ph.D. is Professor Emeritus of Aerospace Engineering at Auburn University, Alabama, where he taught since 1966. Dr. Cutchins received a BS in Civil Engineering (Structures) a MS in Engineering Mechanics , and a Ph.D. in Engineering Mechanics, all from the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University. He has authored numerous technical papers in his field.

Bernard d’Abrera is a Visiting Scholar at the British Museum (Natural History) Department of Entomology. He is one of the worlds leading experts on butterflies.

Lisanne d’Andrea-Winslow PhD is professor of biology at Northwestern College. She received her BS, MS, and PhD from Rutgers University and did a post doc at La Ligne National Center Center. She has received many grants for her research including a Fulbright Scholarship

Lionel Dahmer Ph.D. is an analytical chemist for a large chemical company in Akron, OH. His Ph.D. is in analytical chemistry from Iowa State University.

Danielle Dalafave PhD is Associate Professor of Physics at the College of New Jersey. Her area of research is biophysics and bimolecular machines. Her PhD is in physics from Florida State University.

Cham Dallas Ph.D. is a Pharmaceutics and Biomedical Science Professor at the University of Georgia. His Ph.D. is in Toxicology from the University of Texas, Austin.

Arthur Dalton MD is Assistant Professor of Surgery at Northeastern Ohio University College of Medicine.

Reginald M. Daly M.S. served as a Professor of Physics at Colorado State University, North Idaho Junior College, Chico State College and Humboldt State College.

Raymond Damadian M.D. received his BS in Mathematics from the University of Wisconsin, Madison as a 16-year-old on a Ford Foundation scholarship and then earned his M.D. from the Albert Einstein College of Medicine in New York, and completed his internship and residency at SUNY's Downstate Medical Center, serving on the faculty there from 1967 to 1977. He also served as a Fellow in Nephrology at Washington University School of Medicine and as a Fellow in Biophysics at Harvard University and studied Physiological Chemistry at the School of Aerospace Medicine in San Antonio, Texas. He is now President of Fonar Corporation.

Anne Dambricourt-Malasse Ph.D. is a Paleoanthropologist at the Institute de Paléontologie Humaine, Prehistory Lab.

Lisanne D’Andrea-Winslow Ph.D. is Associate Professor of Biology at Northwestern College, St. Paul, MN. She has a Ph.D. in Cell Biology and Biochemistry, a M.S., and a B.A., all from Rutgers University.

Marc C. Daniels Ph.D. is Assistant Professor of Biology at William Carey University in New Orleans, LA. He has a BS in psychology from the University of Florida, a Ph.D. in cell biology from the University of Alabama and a post-doc at Veterans Administration Hospital and Vanderbilt University Medical Center and Lousiana State University Health Center. He has published widely in the scientific literature.

Cornelius da Pater Ph.D. graduated with a degree in mathematics and a minor in the History of Science at Utrecht University. In 1979 he obtained his doctorate in the History of Science. From 1988 to the present, Dr. de Pater has been historian of science, Lecturer, and Assistant Professor in the History of Science Department at the Universiteit Utrecht (Utrecht University) and the Brige Universiteit (Free University) Amsterdam, the Netherlands.

Paul S. Darby Ph.D, M.D. Medical Director at Franciscan Occupational Health. He has his Ph.D. in Organic Chemistry from the University of Georgia, a M.D. and a MDH from the University of Washington Occupational and Environmental Medicine program.

David B. D'Armond B.S., M.B.A. is a professional geologist. He received a BS in Geology, and an M.B.A. with honors.

Chris Darnbrough M.A., Ph.D. received his MA and Ph.D. in Biochemistry from the University of Cambridge. He has held research positions in the University of Cambridge, Edinburgh, and Glasgow, working on molecular biology, most recently as Research Fellow in the Department of Biochemistry, Glasgow University.

Nancy M. Darrall Ph.D. is an environmental research scientist at Leatherhead. She has a BS with first class honors in Agricultural Botany from the University of Wales, a MS in Speech and Language Pathology from the University of London, and a Ph.D. in Botany from the University of Wales, Aberystwyth.

Holger Daugaard Ph.D. is senior scientists Horticulture Research Center Aarhus University. He has a MA in Biology, a MA in Horticulture, and a Ph.D. in Agronomy from the Danish Institute of Agricultural Sciences. He has 114 publications, 20 in international refereed journals.

Bolton Davidheiser Ph.D. Professor emeritus of Biology at Biola University. He is a graduate of Swarthmore College and received a Ph.D. in Zoology from John Hopkins University with a major in Genetics.

Allen Davis PhD Professor emeritus of Biology and Genetics at Eastern University in St Davids, PA.

Edward B. Davis Ph.D. received a BS in Physics from Drexel University in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, a MA and a Ph.D. in the History and Philosophy of Science from Indiana University, Bloomington, Indiana. Since 1996, Dr. Davis has been Professor of the History of Science at Messiah College.

George Earl Davis PhD Retired physicist with the Naval Ordnance Laboratory. He has a MS from Iowa State College and a PhD from the University of Minnesota, both in Physics.

John Jefferson Davis Ph.D. has been Professor of Systematic Theology and Christian Ethics at Gordon-Conwell Theological Seminary in South Hamilton, Massachusetts since 1975. Davis, received a BS from Duke University, and a M.Div from Gordon-Conwell Theological Seminary, and a Ph.D. in Systematic Theology from Duke University. He was a Danforth Graduate Fellow and a Phi Beta Kappa graduate.

Melody Davis Ph.D. has a Ph.D. in Chemistry from Princeton University.

William P. Davis Jr. M.A. is Professor of Biology at Shelton College, Cape May, New Jersey. He was formerly Professor of Biology at Hillsborough College, Tampa, Florida and coordinator of the division of natural science. He has authored several bestselling college biology textbooks.

Gordon Davison M.S. is Earth Science Consultant for Bergbron Exploration in Bergbron GT ( a suburb of Johannesburg), South Africa. Davison received a BS in Geology cum laude and a MS in Geology and Geophysics, both from Old Dominion University, Norfolk, Virginia.

John A. Davison Ph.D. Emeritus Associate Professor of Biology at the University of Vermont. He has a B.S. from the University of Wisconsin, and a Ph.D. from the University of Minnesota, both in biology.

Kent Davey, PhD is a senior research scientists at the University of Texas, a fellow of IEEE and editor of IEEE transactions on Magnetics.

Randy Davy Ph.D. is Assistant Chair in the Department of Biology at Liberty University. He has a Ph.D. from Texas A&M University, a B.S. from Case Western Reserve University, and a M.S. from Bowling Green State University, all in biology.

Bryan Dawson Ph.D. is Associate Professor of Mathematics and Chair of the Department of Mathematics at Union University. He has a BS and MS in Math and Computer Science from Pittsburg State University and a Ph.D. in Math from the University of North Texas. He has 15 scientific publications.

S. Thomas Deahl Ph.D. is in the Department of Radiation Biology at the University of Iowa. His Ph.D. is in Radiation Biology from the University of Iowa.

Douglas H. Dean Ph.D. was Professor of Biology in the Biology Department at Pepperdine Christian College, Los Angeles, California.

Vilas Deane M.S. Assistant Professor of Mathematics at Grace College in Winona Lake, Indiana. He has a MS from Ohio State University in Math.

Gary D. DeBore Ph.D. is Professor of Chemistry at LeTourneau University. He has a BA in Chemistry from Calvin College, and a Ph.D. in Physical Chemistry from the University of Iowa.

Steve W. Deckard Ed.D. received a BA from McKendree College, Lebanon, Illinois, a MS from the University of Illinois, Champaign, Illinois, and a Ed.D. from the University of Sarasota, Sarasota, Florida. He is currently Vice-President of Academic Affairs at Trinity Bible College in Ellendale, North Dakota.

Curt Deckert Ph.D. is currently Research Scientist Consultant for the Optical Industry with over 40 years experience in optical sector. He has a BSME from the University of Arizona, a MSME from the University of Southern California, a MBA in General and Industrial Management from the University of Southern California, and a Ph.D. in Business, specializing in R&D from California Coast University. His “Who’s Who” listings include California, West, Technology, Lasers, Theology and Science, and American Men and Women of Science.

Wayne A. Deckert Ph.D. Professor of Biology at Clearwater Christian College. His BS is from Minot State University of Natural Science, his M.S. in Biology from University of Nebraska, Omaha, and his Ph.D. is from University of North Dakota in Biology.

Mark E. DeForrest J.D. is an Instructor at Central Washington State University, Ellensburg, Washington. He received a BA from Western Washington University and a J.D. from Gonzaga University School of Law in 1997.

Hans Degens Ph.D. is Assistant Professor in the Department of Physiology at Catholic University Nijmegen. He studied Biology at Wageningen University and majored in Animal Ecology and Animal Morphology. He received a MS and his Ph.D. from the Catholic University Nijmegen, Department of Physiology.

Mart deGroot D.Sc. Astronomer, has a doctorate from the University of Utrecht. In 1993 de Groot was awarded a honorary Doctorate of Science by Andrews University in Michigan and he has been a Research Fellow at Armagh Observatory since 1994.

Robert F. DeHaan Ph.D. has a Ph.D. in Human Development from the University of Chicago. He taught Developmental Psychology at the University of Chicago and Hope College.

Don DeJong Ph.D. has a Ph.D. in Chemistry from?

Cees Dekker Ph.D. Professor of Molecular Biophysics at Delft University, Delft, the Netherlands. He has a Ph.D. from Utrecht University in Holland. His current interests include the nanotechnology of living cells. He has published more than 130 peer reviewed papers, of which more than 20 in Nature and Science. In 2003 he was appointed as a member of the Royal Dutch Academy of Arts and Sciences. His honors, including the 2001 Agilent Europhysics Prize, the 2003 Spinoza Award of the Netherlands Organization for Scientific Research, and an honorary doctorate from Diepenbeek in Belgium.

Harold Delaney Ph.D. is Professor of Psychology at the University of New Mexico. His Ph.D. is from the University of North Carolina.

Keith Delaplane Ph.D. is Professor of Entomology at the University of Georgia. His Ph.D. in Entomology is from Louisiana State University.

Michael Delp Ph.D. is Professor of Physiology at Texas A&M University. His BS in biochemistry is from Oral Roberts University, his Ph.D. in Physiology is from the University of Georgia.

Kenneth Demarest Ph.D. is Professor of Electrical Engineering at the University of Kansas. He has a BS in Electrical Engineering from John Brown University, and a MS and Ph.D. in Electrical Engineering from Ohio State.

John M. DeMassa Ph.D. is Founder and Technical Director of Innovation Resources Group, a Norwalk-based product innovation and problem-solving company.

William A. Dembski Ph.D. has a Ph.D. in Mathematics from the University of Chicago and a Ph.D. in Philosophy from the University of Illinois, Chicago, and a M.Div. from Princeton Theological Seminary. He has conducted doctoral and postdoctoral research at Cornell in Mathematics, at MIT (the Massachusetts Institute of Technology) in Mathematics, at the University of Chicago in Mathematics and Physics, at Princeton in Computer Science, at Northwestern in Mathematics and the Philosophy of Science, and at Cambridge, and Notre Dame. Dembski has been a National Science Foundation doctoral and postdoctoral fellow. He was a Visiting fellow for the Center for Philosophy of Religion at the University of Notre Dame, and a professor at Baylor University.

Lawrence DeMejo Ph.D. has a Ph.D. in Polymer Science and Engineering from the University of Massachusetts at Amherst.

David A. Demick M.D. has a BS in Chemistry from Huntington College, Huntington, Indiana and an M.D. from the University of Illinois College of Medicine. He completed his residency in Pathology at the Michael Reese Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois and at Methodist Medical Center, Peoria, Illinois. Dr. Demick has been a practicing pathologist for over seventeen years, and a research scientist. He has published in the American Journal of Forensic Medicine.

David Deming Ph.D. is Associate Professor of Geosciences at the University of Oklahoma. He has a BS and Ph.D. in Geology from the University of Utah. He has more then 30 research papers on geology, a textbook and is an associate editor of several journals.

Mark Dennis M.S., M.Div. has a BS and a MS in Structural Engineering, a M.A. in Divinity from Asbury Theological Seminary, and a MA in Geology from Indiana State University.

Phillip W. Dennis Ph.D. is a research scientist in the defense industry. He received his Ph.D. in Physics from Missouri University, Columbia, Missouri. and is now also a Ph.D. student at Fordham University. He has a MA from Covenant University and a BA in economics from California State University, Northridge.

Thomas Dent Ph.D. received a BA in Life/Physical Science from Akron State University, and a MS and Ph.D. in Botany from Oklahoma University. Dr. Dent is Professor of Biology at Gordon College.

Henry deRoos Ed.D. has a B.Sc. in Agricultural Science, a M.S. from the University of Guelph, and a Ed.D. from the University of Western Ontario.

Thomas Derosa M.Ed. has a M.Ed. in Chemistry and has been a member of the Science Faculty of Westminster Academy in Ft. Lauderdale, FL.

Charles Detwiler Ph.D. is Professor of Biology and Chemistry at Liberty University. He has a B.S. from Houghton College in biology and chemistry and a Ph.D. from Cornell University in biology.

John W. Devilbliss Ph.D. is a Geologist with the Office for Research on Origins. He received a BS in Geoscience and completed an honors thesis in radiometric dating, a MS from Stanford with high distinction in Geosciences, and a Ph.D. in Geophysics specializing in rock physics from Stanford University for his research on the acoustic properties of rocks. His industrial background includes five years as a Research Geophysicist with Gulf Oil.

David A. DeWitt Ph.D. is Associate Professor of Biology at Liberty University, Lynchburg, Virginia. DeWitt received a BS in Biochemistry from Michigan State University and a Ph.D. in Neuroscience from Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine.

David K. DeWolf J.D. is Professor of Law, Gonzaga University School of Law, Spokane, Washington. He has a BA with honors in Humanities (Phi Beta Kappa) from Stanford University. He studied comparative civil procedure in an intensive semester at Florence in Italy, was a Research Assistant for Professors Guido Calbresi and Joseph Goldstein, a Barristers Union Gallagher Prize Finalist, and was in the top third of his class, receiving his J.D. from Yale Law School.

Donald DeYoung Ph.D. received a BS and a MS in Physics from Michigan Technological University, Houghton, Michigan, and a Ph.D. in Physics from Iowa State University. DeYoung also holds a M.Div. from Grace Seminary. Dr. DeYoung is a professor of physics and astronomy at Grace College in Winona Lake, Indiana.

Eshan Dias Ph.D. has a Ph.D. in Chemical Engineering from King’s College, Cambridge University.

James R. Dickens Ph.D. is Director of Research Temple-Inland Forest Products. He has a Ph.D. in Mechanical Engineering from Texas A&M University. His work involves biophysics.

Ron Dickey is Head of the Department of Science at the Frontenac School in Kingston, Ontario, Canada.

Richard Dilling M.S. is Assistant Professor of Mathematics and Physical Science at Grace College, Winona Lake, Indiana. He has a MS in Physics from Purdue University and has done additional graduate work at Wesleyan University in Low-temperature Physics.

Joseph Dillow B.S., Th.D. received a BS in Electrical Engineering from Oregon State University and a Th.D. in Systematic Theology from Dallas Theological Seminary and joined the faculty of Trinity Evangelical Divinity School as a professor of Systematic Theology.

Gary Dilts Ph.D. Is a research scientist. His Ph.D. is in Mathematical Physics from the University of Colorado.

John Dishman PhD in physics.

Robert DiSilvestro Ph.D. is Professor in the Department of Human Nutrition and Food Management at Ohio State University with research interests in nutritional biochemistry and clinical nutrition of zinc and copper and the antioxidant actions of nutrients and phytonutrients. DiSilvestro received a BS in Biochemistry from Purdue University, and a Ph.D. in Biochemistry from Texas A & M University. He has 60 peer reviewed publications.

Daniel B. Dix Ph.D. is Associate Professor of Mathematics at the University of South Carolina. He has a BS in Math from the University of South Alabama, a SM and Ph.D. in Math from the University of Chicago. His post-doc was at Penn State University. He has published widely in the professional literature.

Delmar Dobberpuhl M.S. is a laser physics specialist, and has worked thirty one years at the Naval Air Warfare Center at China Lake, California. His BS is in Physics and Mathematics from Carroll College, Waukesha, Wisconsin and a MS in Physics with a minor in Mathematics from the University of Missouri (major—Laser Optics; minor—Non-linear Optics).

Allison Dobson Ph.D. is Assistant Professor of Chemistry at Georgia Southern University. Her Ph.D. is in Chemistry from Ohio State University.

David Dockery III Ph.D. chief of the Mississippi Office of Geology's surface geology division in Jackson. He holds a Ph.D. in paleontology from Tulane University.

Lambert Dolphin Jr. graduated from San Diego State University with a Degree in Physics with high honors and distinction in Mathematics. After two years of graduate work in Physics and Electrical Engineering at Stanford University, he joined the staff of SRI International (formerly Stanford Research Institute), in Menlo Park, California where he remained for the next thirty years.

Cyril Domb PhD is former Academic President and Professor Emeritus of Physics at Bar-llan University, Fellow of the Royal Society, and Editor of Bar-llan's BADAD Journal. He is the Director of the Nebenzahl Institute of Human Safety and Accident Prevention at the Jerusalem College of Technology.

Bill Donahue Ph.D. received a BA from Princeton University, a MS from Dallas Seminary, and a Ph.D. from the University of North Texas.

Francis M. Donahue Ph.D. is Professor Emeritus, Chemical Engineering at the University of Michigan. He established the program in electochemistry at the University of Michigan and has had the distinction of teaching all of the required graduate and undergraduate chemical engineering courses at U of M.

Alistair Donald Ph.D. His Ph.D. is in Pleistocene Palynology from the University of Wales.

Kenneth J. Dormer Ph.D. is Professor in the Department of Physiology at the University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. He received a BS in Marine Biology from Cornell University, Ithaca, New York, a MS in Physiology, and a Ph.D. in Biology/Physiology from the University of California, Los Angeles, California. He was a Postdoctoral Fellow in Cardiovascular Physiology at the University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas.

John R. Doughty Ph.D. Research Scientist on lead azide visible wavelength lasers and related areas for Airfares Research Lab in the Chemical Laser group while on sabbatical at Ben-Gurion University in the Negev, Beersheva, Israel. He has a Ph.D. in Aerospace and Mechanical Engineering from the University of Arizona.

Geoff Downes Ph.D. completed a B.Sc. degree with honors (first class) at Monash University in 1983, a Ph.D. in Tree Physiology from the University of Melbourne School of Forestry, a post-doctoral fellowship at the University of Aberdeen, Scotland. In 1992 he joined Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organization, Division of Forestry, Forest Products, as a Senior Research Scientist examining climatic and environmental effects on wood formation. He has authored over 40 peer reviewed papers, 50 conference papers, one book and several book chapters.

Scott T. Dreher Ph.D. has a Ph.D. in Geology from the University of Alaska, Fairbanks. He is a Royal Society USA Research Fellow.

Ted Driggers Ph.D. a graduate of the United States Naval Academy, earned his Ph.D. in Operations Research from U.C. Berkeley. (Operations Research is a discipline that grew along with the computer revolution, and consists of applying mathematical modeling to real world systems to analyze and optimize their performance). His work in telecommunications includes developing network design methods at Bell Telephone Laboratories.

Jeanne Drisko M.D. is Hugh Riordan Professor of Orthomolecular Medicine (an endowed chair) and Professor of Gynecology and Obstetrics at the University of Kansas School of Medicine and active in training physicians and in developing research projects. Her MD is from the University of Kansas School of Medicine.

James O. Dritt Ph.D. received a BS from the United States Military at West Point, New York, a MS in Industrial Engineering and Management from Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, and a Ph.D. in Environmental Science from the University of Oklahoma, Norman, Oklahoma. He was Professor of Creation Science at Albuquerque Bible College, Albuquerque, New Mexico.

Timothy Droubay Ph.D. has a BS in physics from the University of Puget Sound, Tacoma, WA, and a MS and Ph.D. in Physics from University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee. He taught physics at the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee for several years and now is a research scientist at Wiley Environmental Molecular Sciences Laboratory Interfacial and Nanoscale Science facility.

Dmitri Dubikin is a graduate of the Obninsk Institute of Atomic Power Engineering, specializing in Physical-Chemical Processes. He is currently involved in radiochemical research at the State Institute of Physics and at the Obninsk Institute of Atomic Power Engineering.

Paul F. Dubois Ph.D. graduated from the University of California, Berkeley with a MS and Ph.D. in Mathematics from the University of California at Davis. He is now employed by the Wisconsin Regional Primate Research Center at the University of Wisconsin-Madison.

Philip Duce Ph.D. a research scientist. His Ph.D. is in Bio-Chemistry from Ohio University where he twice won the Clippinger Research Award.

Jan Frederic Dudt PhD is Associate Professor of Biology at Grove City College. She has a BA from Covenant College, a M.Ed from University of Pittsburg, and a Ph.D. from Emory University, all in biology.

Karl Duff Sc.D. has a Sc.D. in Mechanical Engineering from MIT.

Gerald Duffett M.Phil. was Head of Biology at Ely College, Cambridgeshire, in the United Kingdom. He has a BS and a research degree in Zoology from London University.

Steven Dulmes, MS Professor of Computer Aided Design College of Lake County, Grayslake, Il His MS is from Purdue University.

Stephen G. Dunbar Ph.D. is Assistant Professor of Marine Biology at Loma Linda University School of Sceince and Technology. His Ph.D. is from Central Queensland University, Australia.

John C. Duncan PhD. is Assistant Professor of Biology at Pacific Union College. His BA is from Andrews University, and his PhD is from Loma Linda University.

W. John Durfee DVM is Assistant Professor, Veterinary Resources, Case Western Reserve University in Ohio. His DVM is from Texas A&M University.

Kirk Durston PhD has a BS in physics, a BS in mechanical engineering and a MA in philosophy all from the university of Manitoba, Canada and a PhD in biophysics in the area of information theory and DNA and protein sequences from the University of Guelph in Canada.

Bernard Dusenbury B.S. has a BS in Physics and another BS in Science Education and did graduate studies in Atomic and Nuclear Physics and Astrophysics at North Carolina State University and in Radiological Hygiene at the University of North Carolina. Dusenbury was employed by the State of North Carolina Radiation Protection Section in environmental surveillance work.

Diane Eager M.D. was a research medical biologist and lecturer in medical biology for many years at Canberra University, Australia. Eager is currently doing full-time creation research and is working on the Canberra Project.

Joe R. Eagleman Ph.D. is Professor Emeritus, Department of Physics and Astronomy at the University of Kansas.

David A. Eakin Ph.D. holds a BS and MS in Biology, both from the University of Louisville, and a Ph.D. in Botany (Taxonomy of bryophytes; physiology, ecology) from the University of Florida. Dr. Eakin is Associate Professor in the Department of Biological Sciences at Eastern Kentucky University in Richmond, Kentucky.

Mark F. Eastman M.D. received a Doctorate of Medicine from the University of California at San Diego, is a family physician and also a Science Professor at Calvary Chapel Bible College.

Cris Eberle Ph.D. His PhD is in nuclear engineering from the School of Nuclear Engineering, Purdue University.

Marcos N. Eberlin PhD director Thomson Laboratory for Mass Spectrometry Institute for Chemistry Universide Estadual de Campinas (State University of Campinas) Brazil.

Robert H. Eckel M.D. is Professor of Medicine, Physiology, Biophysics, and Program Directions at the University of Colorado Health Sciences Center in Denver, Colorado. He received the BS (cum laude) in Bacteriology from the University of Cincinnati, an M.D. from the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine. He has authored over 120 scientific papers and 21 book chapters.

Gary A. Eckhoff D.V.M. has a M.S. in Pharmacology with a Minor in Biochemistry from the University of Minnesota College of Veterinary Medicine and a D.V.M. from the Iowa State University, College of Veterinary Medicine. He was involved in university teaching and research for 16 years and has worked in the industrial field for twelve years. His current position is Director of Laboratory Animal Science and Animal Toxicology for Geneva Laboratories, Inc.

Les Eddington C.Phil. is an entomologist, Assistant provost, chair and associate professor of biology at Azusa Pacific University. He received a BS and a MS from North Dakota State University, and a C.Phil. Degree from the University of California, Los Angeles.

J. Gary Eden Ph.D. His Ph.D. is in Electrical and Computer Engineering from the University of Illinois.

Seth Edwards is Associate Professor of Geology at University of Texas (El Paso).

Andre' Eggen Ph.D. is a research scientist for the Institute Nationale de la Agronomique, and the Agricultural Research Agency for the French government. He has a BS in Agronomy and Animal Production and a Ph.D. in animal genetics from the Federal Institute of Technology in Zurich, Switzerland and has published over 60 scientific papers.

Michael R. Egnor M.D. is Professor and Vice-Chairman for the Department of Neurological Surgery at State University of New York at Stony Brook.

Martin Ehde Ph.D. is Assistant Professor of Mathematics at William Carey University, Hattiesburg, MS. He has a MS and a Ph.D. in mathematics from?

John Eidsmoe J.D. has been Professor at the Thomas Goode Jones School of Constitutional Law, Faulkner University, Montgomery, Alabama since 1990 and Visiting Adjunct Professor of Law at the Air Force Academy. Eidsmoe received a BS in Political Science from St. Olaf College and Law Degree (Juris Doctor) from the University of Iowa College of Law. He graduated valedictorian from Lutheran Brethren Seminary with a iv, a MA in Biblical Studies (cum laude) from Dallas Theological Seminary, and a Doctorate of Ministries from Oral Roberts University.

Leroy Eimers PhD Professor of Physics and Mathematics at Cedarville University

Jonathan D. Eisenbach is Professor of Plant Pathology Department of Plant Pathology and Weed Science at Virginia Tech.

Mark Ellison PhD is a mechanical engineer with Caterpillar, Inc. in the engine division working in structural analysis and product development of fuel systems for diesel engines. He has a B.A. in psychology from Grace College, Winona Lake, IN, a B.S. in physics from Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN and a M.S. and Ph.D. in mechanical engineering from The University of Notre Dame, South Bend, IN. He also has taught physics and chemistry.

George A. Ekama Ph.D professor of water quality engineering at the University of Cape Town, South Africa.

David Ekkens Ph.D. is a Biology professor at Southern Adventist University, Collegedale, in Tennessee. Ekkens received a BA and a MA from Andrews University, and a Ph.D. from Loma Linda University.

James A. Ellard, Sr. Ph.D. a research scientist, has a Ph.D. in Chemistry from the University of Kentucky.

Andreé Elliott Ph.D. is Assistant Professor of Biology at LeTourean University. Her background is in biology.

Mark Ellison PhD is a mechanical engineer with Caterpillar, Inc. in the engine division working in structural analysis and product development of fuel systems for diesel engines. He has a B.A. in psychology from Grace College, Winona Lake, IN, a B.S. in physics from Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN and a M.S. and Ph.D. in mechanical engineering from The University of Notre Dame, South Bend, IN. He also has taught physics and chemistry.

Lee Elmers is Professor of Physics and Mathematics at Cedarville University. His Ph.D. is in Physics from Syracuse University.

Austin D. Elmore M.A.T. is Professor Emeritus of Biology at Cedarville University, Cedarville, Ohio. He was Chair in the Division of Science from 1965 to 1967. He has a M.A.T. Degree from Indiana University.

Daniel Ely Ph.D. is Professor of Biology at the University of Akron specializing in cardiovascular physiology, funded by the NIH and the American Heart Association. His Ph.D. is in Physiology from the University of Southern California School of Medicine, and his post-doctoral studies were at the National Institutes of Health. His research team was the first to identify a gene on the Y chromosome that raises blood pressure. Professor Ely has received 31 grants, primarily from the American Heart Association and the National Institute of Health.

Martin Emery Ph.D. has a Ph.D. in Chemistry from the University of Southampton (UK).

Aw Swee Eng M.B. B.S. Ph.D. Senior Consultant and Director at Endocrine Laboratories at Singapore General Hospital. His speciality is Clinical Biochemistry and Endocrinology. He has a M.B., B.S., and Ph.D. from the University of London, a FRC Path., and a MI Biol.

Don England Ph.D. is Professor Emeritus of Chemistry at Harding University. His Ph.D. is in organic chemistry from the University of Mississippi.

Dennis Lee Englin Ed.D. received a BA in Biology and Chemistry from Westmont College, Santa Barbara, California, a MS in Biology from California State University, Northridge, California, an Ed.D. in Science Education from the University of Southern California, Los Angeles. Dr. Englin is a Professor of Science at Master's College in Newhall, California.

Thomas English is president of TESSI Endangered Species Institute and is Adjunct Professor of Physics & Engineering at Palomar College. His BS in physics, MS and Ph.D. in electrical engineering are all from Carnegie Mellon University. He also has a MS in Environmental Engineering.

Richard Erdlac Ph.D. is Chairman of West Texas Earth Resources Institute and Research Scientist and Senior Lecture at the University of Texas. His Ph.D. is in Structural Geology from the University of Texas (Austin). He has published widely in the peer reviewed professional literature, including 7 books and monographs on geology.

Jeanne Erickson Ph.D. is Research Associate Professor in the Plant Microbiology & Pathology and Biochemistry Department at the University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri. Her BA and MS, in Microbiology and Immunology, were both from Ohio State University. She also has a MS and Ph.D., both in Human Genetics, from the University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.

Ronald J. Ervin is a Medical illustrator producing medical, scientific and graphic illustrations for textbooks and journals. He has worked as senior medical illustrator at the University of Iowa, as media art consultant at the University of Virginia.

Raul Esperante Ph.D. is a research scientist at the Geoscience Research Institute and a Paleontologist in Peru.